PSC/Mayatech: influence of School Physical Education & Nutrition Environment

合同目的：本任务指令的目标是：（1）确定并分析2008年、2010年和2012年与体育和营养相关的法规和条例;（2）完善现有的体育分类系统，以纳入体育活动量表，并根据新的国家建议进行更新;（3）酌情完善现有的营养分类;（3）协助公开2003至2012年收集的数据，以供分析。 10.背景资料：儿童肥胖在美国呈上升趋势;因此，考虑到其对医疗保健系统的预期影响，解决肥胖流行病尤为重要。以学校环境为重点的基于政策的方法被认为会影响目前儿童肥胖症的流行。NCI开发了两个评级系统来监测立法和监管国家政策。这两个系统是：（1）学校营养-环境国家政策分类系统;（2）与体育有关的国家政策分类系统。到目前为止，2003年至2007年对侧重于体育和营养的州立学校政策进行了编码和评级。描述这两种分类系统的两篇方法学论文发表在2007年的《美国预防医学杂志》上。 自从几份报告出版以来，包括医学研究所最近的建议《学校食品营养标准：引导青年走向健康》，已经颁布了几项与营养有关的学校政策。同样，全国州教育委员会联合会（NASBE）直接回应学龄儿童肥胖流行病的报告，发布了一份报告，概述了推荐的学校政策和对政策制定者的建议（NASBE，2009年），从2008年开始，提议对政策变化进行一年两次的纵向评估，以记录最近的政策变化，并评估随着时间的推移发生的变化。对侧重于营养和体育教育的与青少年肥胖症有关的学校政策进行评估，将提供可用于防治儿童肥胖症的丰富知识。该项目符合NIH和NCI主任的兴趣，即制定新的举措来解决当前的肥胖流行病。该项目中的其他感兴趣的领域将是探索营养菜单内容要求和/或课外学校活动问题，这些问题可以添加到现有的评级系统中。 在过去的几年里，越来越重视数据共享和传播作为国家卫生研究院的重要优先事项。网络基础设施的发展（例如，癌症生物医学信息学网格）使研究人员能够存储、共享、链接和分析与癌症研究相关的数据集。使从该项目收集的数据具有网格功能将加快信息的分析和传播。

Purpose of Contract: The objectives of this task order are to (1) identify and analyze physical education- and nutrition-related statutes and regulations for the years 2008, 2010, and 2012; (2) refine the existing physical education classification system to include a physical activity scale and update based on new national recommendations; (3) refine the existing nutrition classification as a appropriate; (3) to assist with making the data collected from 2003 to 2012 publicly available for analysis. 10. Background: Childhood obesity is on the rise in the US; therefore, addressing the obesity epidemic is particularly important given its projected impact on the health care system. Policy-based approaches focused on the school environment are believed to impact the current childhood obesity epidemic. The NCI developed two rating system to monitor legislative and regulatory state policies. The two systems are the (1) School Nutrition-Environment State Policy Classification System (SNESPCS); and (2) the Physical Education Related State Policy Classification System (PERSPCS). To date, state school policies focused on physical education and nutrition were coded and rated in 2003 through 2007. Two methodology papers describing the two classification systems were published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2007. Since the publishing of several reports, including the Institute of Medicine¿s recent recommendations ¿Nutrition Standards for Foods in Schools: Leading the Way toward Healthier Youth¿, several nutrition related school policies have been enacted. Similarly, the National Association of State Boards of Education (NASBE), in direct response to reports of an obesity epidemic among school-aged children, issued a report outlining recommended school policies and recommendations to policy makers (NASBE, 2009).Starting in 2008, a biannual longitudinal assessment of policy changes is being proposed to document recent policy changes and to assess change over time. Evaluating youth obesity-related school policies focused on nutrition and physical education would provide a wealth of knowledge that can be used to combat childhood obesity. This project fits within the NIH and NCI directors¿ interest, which is to develop new initiatives to address the current obesity epidemic. Other areas of interest included in this project would be to explore nutrition menu content requirements and/or extracurricular school activity questions that could be added to the existing rating system. Over the past several years, there has been greater emphasis on data sharing and dissemination as important priorities for the NIH. The development of cyberinfrastructure (e.g., caBIG¿; cancer biomedical informatics grid) has enabled researchers to store, share, link and analyze datasets related to cancer research. Making the data collected from this project grid-enabled would accelerate the analysis and dissemination of information.