The Rochester Conference on Oral Biology Post Genomics for the Oral Microbiome

描述（由申请人提供）：我们申请资金支持一个名为“罗切斯特口腔生物学会议：口腔微生物组的后基因组学”的会议。本次会议的目标是扩大后基因组和系统生物学方法在口腔传染病和宿主反应研究中的应用。口腔微生物病发生在牙齿和口腔软组织上。口腔微生物含量丰富，口腔感染本质上是多微生物性的。口腔微生物感染口腔并在面对其他细菌竞争时维持自身的能力，以及人类宿主的耐药机制，是正在进行研究的主题。美国国立卫生研究院口腔微生物组项目是为了估计人类口腔中发现的细菌的数量和类型，健康和疾病。迄今为止，微生物组项目已经导致在口腔中鉴定了大量的细菌种类。从16S rRNA序列中鉴定出的许多口腔物种尚未被培养。此外，大多数口腔细菌缺乏遗传系统和疾病模型。在可能的情况下，评估口腔细菌发病机制中特定基因的传统方法仍然非常有用。然而，迫切需要找到方法来加速我们对大量口腔微生物如何相互作用以及如何与人类宿主相互作用的理解。拟议的会议将通过将口腔微生物学领域的科学家与使用多微生物疾病数学建模方法的该领域以外的科学家聚集在一起，促进我们的目标；微生物群落代谢网络评价的蛋白质组学方法以及全基因组筛选与健康或疾病有关的细菌基因。会议将利用已成立的调查人员；初级调查员;还有研究生。与会的演讲者是国际范围的，将从龋齿，牙周病和宿主炎症反应的角度涵盖口腔传染病。来自口腔研究界以外从事其他病原体和在人类宿主以外的环境中发现的细菌群落研究的发言者也将参加。总的来说，会议将促进思想、概念和方法的交流，目标是提高我们治疗并最终预防口腔传染病的能力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We request funds to support a conference entitled "The Rochester Conference on Oral Biology: Post-genomics for the Oral Microbiome". The goal of this conference is to expand the use of post-genomic and systems biology approaches for the study of oral infectious disease and host-response. Oral microbial diseases occur on the teeth and soft tissues of the mouth. The microbial content of the mouth is substantial and oral infections are polymicrobial in nature. The ability of oral microbes to infect the mouth and maintain themselves in the face of competition from other bacteria, and resistance mechanisms of the human host, is the subject of ongoing research. The NIH Oral Microbiome project was undertaken to estimate the number and types of bacteria found in the human mouth, in health and disease. To date, the microbiome project has resulted in the identification of a large number of bacterial species in the oral cavity. Many oral species, identified from 16S rRNA sequences, have not yet been cultivated. Moreover, the majority of oral bacteria lack genetic systems and models of disease. Traditional approaches for evaluating specific genes in oral bacterial pathogenesis remains highly useful, where possible. However, there is a great need to find ways to accelerate our understanding of how the multitudes of oral micro-organisms interact with each other and with the human host. The proposed Conference will facilitate our goal by bringing together scientists who are working in the field of oral microbiology with scientists outside of the field who are using methods for mathematical modeling of polymicrobial diseases; proteomic approaches to evaluating microbial community metabolic networks; and genome-wide screens for bacterial genes involved with health or disease. The conference will draw upon established investigators; junior investigators; and, graduate students. The participating speakers are international in scope and will cover oral infectious disease from the perspective of caries, periodontal disease and host-inflammatory responses. Speakers from outside the oral research community, who work with other pathogens and on bacterial communities found in environmental circumstances outside of human hosts, will also participate. Collectively, the conference will foster an exchange of ideas, concepts, and methodologies with the goal of advancing our ability to treat, and ultimately prevent, oral infectious disease. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This proposal seeks financial support for a conference of scientists who will meet to discuss new ways to prevent bacterial diseases in the mouth. The scientists attending the conference have knowledge and expertise about the study of complex bacterial diseases, like those in the human mouth. We expect that the conference will speed the development of new treatments and prevention of oral disease.