A family intervention to reduce smoking among Chinese and Vietnamese men

描述（由申请人提供）：减少中国和越南男性吸烟的家庭干预在亚洲男性亚组中仍然存在烟草使用差异，特别是在英语水平较低的人群和来自吸烟率高的文化的移民中，包括中国和越南裔美国男性。2007年加州健康访谈调查估计，加州近一半（47.3%）的亚裔男性吸烟者不是中国人就是越南人。中国和越南的吸烟者没有充分利用国家电话戒烟热线服务、戒烟药物和健康提供者的建议。我们最近的研究表明，通过家庭招募中国吸烟者加入戒烟计划是可行的。在越南男性中，与吸烟有关的家庭冲突与过去5年内戒烟意图和成功戒烟密切相关。让中国和越南的吸烟者家庭参与进来，促进他们戒烟的意愿，并利用戒烟资源，对于减少这些人群的吸烟有着巨大的潜力。本研究将采用混合方法研究设计来开发和预测试家庭干预，使用非专业卫生工作者（LHW）外展，包括吸烟者家庭和吸烟者，以促进中国和越南裔美国男性戒烟。我们的目标是：1)针对中国和越南的吸烟者开发一种文化和语言上合适的家庭干预；2)进行试点试验，以检验拟议干预措施的可行性。建议的家庭干预的发展将通过对中国和越南吸烟者及其家庭的定性个人和二元访谈、社区意见（咨询委员会和焦点小组）以及整合3种理论的文献来指导：社会网络理论、社会认知理论和跨理论模型。我们将对48对吸烟家庭进行一组干预前和干预后设计的试点试验。在过去7天内每天吸烟的中国和越南男性，以及来自同一家庭的一名家庭成员将被LHW外联招募。测量的主要结果是招募的可行性、出勤率和干预的可接受性。测量的次要结果是比较干预前和干预后的变化：家庭成员对吸烟者提供的支持，吸烟者感知到的来自家庭的支持，吸烟者对资源的利用，戒烟意图和干预期间的戒烟尝试。长期目标是有效地利用以家庭为基础的推广战略，涉及多个个人、家庭和社会层面，以减少难以接触到的人群的吸烟。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A Family Intervention to Reduce Smoking in Chinese and Vietnamese Men Tobacco use disparities remain in subgroups of Asian men, particularly among those of low English proficiencies and immigrants from cultures where smoking prevalence is high, including Chinese- and Vietnamese-American men. The 2007 California Health Interview Survey estimates that nearly half (47.3 percent) of Asian male smokers in California are either Chinese or Vietnamese. Chinese and Vietnamese smokers underutilize state telephone quitline services, smoking cessation medications, and health providers' advice. Our recent research has shown the feasibility of recruiting Chinese smokers into a smoking cessation program through their families. Among Vietnamese men, having smoking-related family conflicts was a strong correlate with having intention to quit smoking and having quit successfully within the past 5 years. Involving smokers' families to promote intention to quit and to utilize cessation resources among Chinese and Vietnamese has enormous potential to reduce smoking in these populations. This study will use a mixed methods research design to develop and pre-test a family intervention using lay health worker (LHW) outreach to involve both smokers' families and smokers to promote smoking cessation in Chinese- and Vietnamese-American men. We aim to: 1) develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate family intervention targeting Chinese and Vietnamese smokers; and 2) conduct a pilot trial to examine feasibility of the proposed intervention. The development of the proposed family intervention will be guided by qualitative individual and dyadic interviews of Chinese and Vietnamese smokers and their families, community input (advisory boards and focus groups), and literature integrating 3 theories: Social Network Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and the Transtheoretical Model. We will conduct a pilot trial using a one-group pre- and post- intervention design with 48 smoker-family dyads. Self-identified Chinese and Vietnamese males who smoke daily during the past 7 days and one family member from the same household will be recruited by LHW outreach. The primary outcomes measured are recruitment feasibility, attendance, and acceptability of the intervention. Secondary outcomes measured are comparisons of pre- and post-intervention changes in: family members' provision of support for their smokers, smokers' perceived support from their family, smokers' utilization of resources, quit intentions, and quit attempts made during the intervention period. The long-term goal is to effectively utilize family- based and outreach strategies that involve multiple individual, familial, and social levels to reduce smoking in hard-to-reach populations. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The public health and economic consequences of cigarette smoking are well established. This project addresses gaps in knowledge about effective strategies for treating tobacco dependence in underrepresented populations where smoking prevalence is disproportionately high such as among Chinese- and Vietnamese-American men. The proposed study will examine the use of an innovative strategy that involves lay health worker outreach to mobilize the families and the smokers to promote smoking cessation in Chinese- and Vietnamese-American men.