Neuroimaging mechanisms of change in psychotherapy for addictive behaviors

描述(由申请人提供)：行为改变机制研究(MOBC)为改善成瘾行为的治疗提供了一种创新的方法。MOBC研究的一个重要扩展涉及使用翻译方法，该方法研究基本的生物学(即，基于大脑的机制)和行为因素如何相互作用，启动和维持积极的行为变化，作为心理治疗的结果。此R13应用程序建议与酒精中毒研究学会会议(RSA)联合举办一次年度会议，主题为“成瘾行为心理治疗中的神经成像机制改变”。会议的目标是(1)促进心理治疗和神经科学领域的研究人员之间的跨学科合作，特别是神经成像，以解决酒精治疗中基于大脑的改变机制；以及(2)从临床和神经科学的角度涵盖与在MOBC研究中使用神经成像相关的概念、方法和临床问题，以建立有效合作的共同基础。这些目标与NIH和NIAAA支持行为改变科学的变革性转化性研究的战略计划密切相关。我们建议召开3次年会，每次为期1.5天。每次会议将包括一整天的时间，重点是翻译研究的概念和方法，然后是半天，与正在进行的RSA前MOBC卫星一起举行，该卫星将侧重于与翻译研究工作相关的临床问题和现实应用。为期多年的会议将涵盖一系列基础主题，以促进临床医生和神经科学家之间的合作，并将为与会者之间在MOBC研究方面的持续合作建立势头。在第一年，报告将涵盖，例如，翻译研究研究设计中的关键概念和方法。第二年将涵盖更高级的主题，例如分析与了解治疗反应和确定潜在治疗目标有关的大脑回路的方法。第三年将重点介绍实证研究结果，包括讨论进行翻译研究的“真实世界”经验，以及翻译研究结果在临床实践中的潜在应用。拟议的多年会议旨在推进关于MOBC的翻译研究，这有望理解心理疗法如何改变大脑结构和功能，并促进积极行为变化的启动和维持。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research on mechanisms of behavior change (MOBC) provides an innovative method to improve treatment for addictive behaviors. An important extension of MOBC research involves the use of translational approaches, which examine how basic biological (i.e., brain-based mechanisms) and behavioral factors interact in initiating and sustaining positive behavior change as a result of psychotherapy. This R13 application proposes an annual conference, to be held in conjunction with the Research Society on Alcoholism meeting (RSA), on the topic of "Neuroimaging mechanisms of change in psychotherapy for addictive behaviors." Conference objectives are to (1) foster cross-disciplinary collaboration among researchers in the fields of psychotherapy and neuroscience, particularly neuroimaging, to address brain-based mechanisms of change in alcohol treatment; and (2) cover conceptual, methodological, and clinical issues relevant to the use of neuroimaging in MOBC research from clinical and neuroscience perspectives in order to build a common foundation for effective collaboration. These objectives are closely aligned with NIH and NIAAA strategic plans to support transformative translational research on the science of behavior change. We propose 3 annual conferences, each 1.5 days in duration. Each conference would include a full day focused on translational research concepts and methods, followed by a half-day held in conjunction with the on-going pre-RSA MOBC satellite, which would focus on clinical issues and real-world applications relevant to translational research efforts. The multi-year conference will cover a sequenced series of foundational topics to facilitate collaboration among clinicians and neuroscientists, and will build momentum toward sustained collaboration on MOBC research among conference participants. In Year 1, presentations would cover, for example, key concepts and methods in translational research study design. Year 2 would cover more advanced topics, such as methods for analysis of brain circuits in relation to understanding treatment response and identifying potential treatment targets. Year 3 would focus on presenting empirical findings, including discussion of "real-world" experiences in conducting translational research, and potential applications of translational research findings to clinical practice. The proposed multi-year conference aims to advance translational research on MOBC, which holds promise for understanding of how psychotherapy can modify brain structure and functioning and facilitate the initiation and maintenance of positive behavioral change.