Inpatient Rehabilitation for Women with Traumatic Brain Injury and Their Families

 描述(申请人提供)：在美国，每年有170多万人遭受创伤性脑损伤(TBI)，大约765亿美元用于创伤性脑损伤的治疗和康复。在过去的10年里，女性脑外伤的患病率上升了49%。研究表明，患有颅脑损伤的女性的预后比男性更差，包括报告更多的头痛和头晕，以及失去信心，感觉需要监督，以及难以制定现实的目标。在受伤前，女性在个人和工作生活中通常与男性有不同的社会角色和期望。在创伤后，女性努力回到受伤前的角色，重返工作和学校的女性比男性少，在育儿方面遇到的挑战比男性更多。然而，由于对患有创伤性脑损伤的妇女的研究有限，缺乏关于如何满足妇女的需求和在脑损伤后最大限度地获得成功机会的知识。在住院康复过程中，家庭成员在支持患有脑外伤的妇女方面发挥着至关重要的作用，包括参与康复后出院回家的决策和目标规划。为了使家庭成员做好准备，以便在出院后最好地支持患有创伤性脑损伤的妇女，了解家庭成员在住院康复阶段是如何准备的是至关重要的。然而，出院后，家庭成员报告没有得到满足的需求，包括教育不足，以及感觉没有准备好支持创伤性脑损伤患者，并在出院后管理他们的护理。到目前为止，还没有关于脑外伤患者及其家人在住院康复期间的直接需求的研究，这限制了人们对她们的经历以及目前的干预措施是否以及如何最好地满足她们康复后需求的了解。这项研究与国家护理研究所的战略计划相一致，该计划寻求对个人和家庭的健康进行研究，以改善受伤后的自我和家庭护理管理，旨在填补关于住院康复阶段的知识空白。本研究的目的是调查脑外伤患者及其家人在住院康复期间对出院回家准备工作的看法和期望。这项研究将使用扎根理论，这是一种定性的方法，它将允许研究人员开发一个概念模型来解释住院康复过程，包括对出院预期的发展。样本将由15至20名患有脑损伤的妇女及其15至20名家庭成员组成。这项研究的长期目标是为未来的研究提供信息 开发和测试干预措施，以改善女性脑损伤患者的住院康复。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Annually in the U.S., more than 1.7 million people sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI), and approximately $76.5 billion is spent on TBI treatment and rehabilitation. Over the last 10 years, the prevalence of women with TBI has risen by 49%. Research shows that women with TBI have worse outcomes than men, including reporting more headaches and dizziness, as well as loss of confidence, perceived need for supervision, and problems setting realistic goals. Pre-injury, women generally have different social roles and expectations than men in their personal and work lives. After TBI, women struggle to return to pre-injury roles, evidenced by fewer women returning to work and school and having more challenges with parenting than men. However, due to limited research on women with TBI, knowledge on how to meet women's needs and maximize opportunities for successful outcomes after TBI is unavailable. Family members play an essential role in supporting women with TBI during the inpatient rehabilitation process, including involvement in decision- making and goal-planning for post-rehabilitation discharge to home. To prepare family members to best support women with TBI following discharge, it is essential to understand how family members are prepared during the inpatient rehabilitation phase. Yet, after discharge, family members report unmet needs, including insufficient education and feeling unprepared to support the person with TBI and manage their care after discharge. To date, no study has focused on the immediate needs of women with TBI and their families during inpatient rehabilitation, limiting knowledge on their experiences and whether and how current interventions could best meet their post-rehabilitation needs. Congruent with the strategic plan of the National Institute of Nursing Research, which seeks to conduct research on the health of individuals and families to improve self- and family-management of care after injury, this study aims to fill a knowledge gap concerning the inpatient rehabilitation phase. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perspectives and expectations of women with TBI's and their families during inpatient rehabilitation regarding preparation to return home from the hospital. This study will use grounded theory, a qualitative methodology, which will allow the researcher to develop a conceptual model explaining the inpatient rehabilitation process, including the development of expectations for discharge. The sample will be composed of 15 to 20 women with TBI and 15 to 20 of their family members. The long-term goal of this study is to inform future research that will develop and test interventions to improve inpatient rehabilitation for women with TBI.