A high speed gas sampling valve system for investigation in low temperature combustion of diesel engines

低温燃烧技术已被确定为现代柴油机超低排放氮氧化物（NOx）和颗粒物（PM）的可行途径。获取燃烧信息的先进技术之一是通过直接气体取样，在一个可分配的时间窗口内从发动机燃烧室内部提取特定部分的气缸装药和/或燃烧产物。直接气体取样技术将有助于确定现代柴油机污染物产生的来源和历史。Zheng和Reader最近建立了一个嵌入式实时控制器，该控制器可以在单缸共轨柴油发动机的每个燃烧循环中产生多达8个离散的燃料喷射。在这种发动机中，预混燃烧与扩散燃烧的比例可以显著提高，而最大能量释放速率仍然可以得到有效限制，这通常会降低氮氧化物（NOx）和颗粒物（PM）的排放。然而，现代内燃机对燃烧诊断提出了新的挑战。与机械燃油喷射柴油机相比，气缸装药具有更高的总压力。新型柴油发动机中直接采样阀的高速驱动需要更高的功率驱动，再加上对精度和复杂性的要求，使得世界上只有少数供应商能够满足所要求的系统。这项研究将产生的数据在燃烧科学界和汽车工业在加拿大和世界范围内具有巨大的利益。我们在清洁柴油发动机的研究上得到了加拿大福特和ITEC的大力支持。尽管如此，工业界并没有扩大他们对这种燃烧机理研究的支持。这项研究将补充其他燃烧和排放控制工作目前正在进行的博士。郑，里德和丁在清洁柴油发动机实验室。我们最近在柴油HCCI燃烧和飞行自适应控制方面的突破进一步增强了我们对曲柄角分解燃烧分析的兴趣。

The technique of low temperature combustion has been identified as a feasible pathway for modern diesel engines to produce ultra low emissions in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). One of the advanced techniques to obtain the insights of combustion is through direct gas sampling that extracts a specified portion of cylinder charge and/or combustion products from inside of the engine combustion chamber within an assignable temporal window. The direct gas sampling technique will help to identify the origin and history of pollutant generation in modern diesel engines. Zheng and Reader have recently set up an embedded real-time controller that can produce up to eight discrete fuel shoots during each combustion cycle for a single cylinder common-rail diesel engine. In such engines, the ratio of premixed combustion to diffusion combustion can be raised significantly while the maximum rate of energy release can still be confined effectively, which commonly result in lowered nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. However, such modern combustion engines impose new challenges on combustion diagnoses. The cylinder charge has much higher overall pressure than in mechanical fuel injection diesel engines. The high-speed actuation of the direct sampling valve in the newer diesel engines requires a higher power drive that, in combination with the precision and sophistication requirements, leaves the requested system only to a handful of suppliers in the world. The research will produce data that has immense interests in the combustion sciences community and the automotive industry in Canada and worldwide. We have obtained substantial support in clean diesel engine researches from Ford Canada and ITEC. Notwithstanding, the industries has not extended their support to this combustion mechanism study. This research will complement the other combustion and emission control work currently being conducted by Drs. Zheng, Reader, and Ting at the clean diesel engine laboratory. Our recent breakthrough in diesel HCCI combustion and on-fly adaptive control has further enhanced our interest in the crank-angle resolved combustion analyses.