Fungal peroxidase production and use in wastewater treatment

过氧化物酶已被证明可以催化去除工业废水流中常见的各种芳香族化合物。 这些芳香族化合物中的大多数被归类为有毒的，一些是内分泌干扰化合物，一些是已知或疑似致癌物质。 酶法处理将有助于在使用传统处理方法无法始终符合成本效益要求的情况下遵守日益严格的排放标准。 酶法可以单独应用或与常规处理方法如物理、化学和生物方法结合应用。不幸的是，过氧化物酶易受多种来源的失活影响，因此必须连续供应给该过程。 目前过氧化物酶的成本相对较高，因为它们是以高度纯化的形式生产的，并且主要用于分析目的的数量相对较少。 细胞外酶需要比细胞内酶如辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）少得多的加工来获得商业上有用的形式。 这促使研究过氧化物酶，如Arthromyces ramosus过氧化物酶和Coprinus cinereus过氧化物酶（等），它们是由真菌在细胞外产生的。 本研究将分以下三个阶段进行：（1）优化鸡腿菇属真菌在序批式或连续流反应器中使用低成本生长培养基生产过氧化物酶：（2）建立反应器设计和操作建议，以去除收获的酶溶液中的酚类和内分泌干扰物;以及（3）评估使用选定的真菌作为生物处理方法来去除沉淀的二级城市污水中的内分泌干扰化合物（EDC）。

Peroxidase enzymes have been shown to catalyze the removal of a wide range of aromatic compounds that commonly occur in industrial wastewater streams.  The majority of these aromatic compounds are classified as toxic, some are endocrine disrupting compounds, and some are known or suspected carcinogens.  The enzymatic process would facilitate compliance with increasingly stringent discharge standards in cases where effluent requirements cannot be met consistently and cost effectively using conventional treatment.  Enzymatic methods could be applied separately or in conjunction with conventional treatment methods such as physical, chemical, and biological processes. Unfortunately, peroxidase enzymes are susceptible to inactivation from a number of sources and therefore must be supplied continuously to the process.  The current cost of peroxidase enzymes is relatively high because they are produced in highly purified form and in relatively small quantities for predominantly analytical purposes.  Extra-cellular enzymes require far less processing to achieve commercially useful forms than do intra-cellular enzymes such as Horseradish peroxidase (HRP).  This has prompted investigation of peroxidase enzymes such as Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase and Coprinus cinereus peroxidase (among others) that are produced extra-cellularly by fungi.   The proposed research will be conducted in the following three phases: (1) Optimizing peroxidase production by Coprinus species fungi in a sequencing batch or continuous flow reactor using a low cost growth medium; (2) Establishing reactor design and operating recommendations for the removal of phenols and endocrine disrupting compounds by the harvested enzymatic solutions; and (3) Assessing the use of selected fungi as a biological treatment method for the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) from settled secondary municipal effluent.