Hydrogen production by the catalytic reforming of non-food biomass-derived crude mixtures of liquid oxygenated hydrocarbons with carbon dioxide capture

尽管与任何已知的燃料相比，氢具有单位重量最高的能量含量，并且燃烧干净，但它并不是以自由形式存在的。一种经济上可行的从可再生能源中获取氢的方法，将为目前世界范围内对化石燃料的依赖提供一个很好的替代方案。有一个巨大的机会来发展使用来自非纯化，非食品生物质衍生饲料材料的成分用于制氢的能力，因为这将缓解使用基于食品的生物质的压力，消除净化所需的大量能源，并为将废物转化为增值产品提供额外的好处。这些成分可以从纤维素材料转化为含氧碳氢化合物的非密集过程中获得（即不限于乙醇），并且成本很低。此外，含氧碳氢化合物可以作为生物柴油生产的废物获得。含氧碳氢化合物的多种来源确保了制氢过程可以管理原料供应和波动性。此外，为了从使用生物质材料中获得额外的优势，以实现巨大的环境效益，二氧化碳捕获必须纳入该过程。这将确保我们不仅实现净零排放，而且实际上利用这一过程提取已经存在于大气中的二氧化碳。我们的目标是：(i)开发一种高性能催化剂，用于重整任何非食物或废物生物质衍生的液态含氧碳氢化合物的粗混合物，包括高级醇、有机酸、甘油等；（ii）开发工艺条件以及该工艺的整合和优化策略；（iii）开发并纳入二氧化碳捕获策略，用于生产最清洁的燃料——氢。

Even though hydrogen possesses the highest energy content per unit weight compared to any of the knownfuels, and burns cleanly, it does not exist in the free form. An economically viable way to obtain hydrogen fromrenewable sources will provide a good alternative to the present world-wide reliance on fossil fuels. There is ahuge opportunity to develop the capacity to use components derived from non-purified, non-food biomassderived feed materials for hydrogen production because this would ease the pressure in using food basedbiomass, eliminate the huge amount of energy required for purification, and provide added benefit forconverting wastes to value added products. These components could be derived from non-intensive processesfor conversion of cellulosic materials to oxygenated hydrocarbons (i.e. not specific to ethanol alone) easily at alow cost. Also, the oxygenated hydrocarbons could be obtained as wastes from biodiesel production. Thesemultiple sources of oxygenated hydrocarbons ensures that the hydrogen production process can managefeedstock supply and volatility. Furthermore, in order to derive an additional advantage from the use ofbiomass materials to achieve huge environmental benefits, CO2 capture must be incorporated in the process.This will ensure that we not merely achieve a net zero emissions, but actually use the process to extract CO2that already exists in the atmosphere. Our objectives are to: (i) develop a high performance catalyst for thereforming of any non-food or waste biomass derived crude mixtures of liquid oxygenated hydrocarbonsincluding higher alcohols, organic acids, glycerol, etc., (ii) develop the process conditions as well as integrationand optimization strategies for the process, and (iii) develop and incorporate a CO2 capture strategy for theproduction of the cleanest fuel, hydrogen.