Smoking cessation and bone health: observational and intervention studies in twins and a Quitline population

骨质疏松症是一个主要的健康问题，导致骨头容易断裂（骨折）。许多骨骼都是易受影响的，髋部骨折是骨质疏松症最严重的后果。它们导致疼痛、残疾，需要重大的健康干预（手术和康复），导致约20%的病例死亡，并且髋部骨折患者的整体护理非常昂贵。骨质疏松症的治疗是为了降低骨折的风险。骨质疏松症的预防和治疗应包括避免已知引起或恶化病情的因素。众所周知，吸烟者患骨质疏松症和骨折的风险增加。然而，吸烟如何导致骨质疏松症尚不清楚。重要的是，戒烟是否会改善骨骼健康（并降低骨折风险）也不清楚。这些都是重要的问题，一般社会和吸烟者骨质疏松症，特别是。我们将通过研究吸烟和不吸烟的双胞胎，并通过观察试图戒烟的人的骨骼健康（骨矿物质密度和其他因素）的测量结果来回答这些问题。从这些研究中获得的新信息可能会导致更好的方法来避免或治疗吸烟对骨骼的损害。我们也可以预测人们戒烟对骨骼的好处。

Osteoporosis is a major health problem that causes bones to break (fracture) easily. Many bones are susceptible, with hip fractures being the worst outcome of osteoporosis. They cause pain, disability, require major health interventions (surgery and rehabilitation), lead to death in about 20% of cases, and the overall care of hip fracture patients is very expensive. Osteoporosis is treated to reduce the risk of fractures. The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis should include avoidance of factors known to bring on or worsen the condition. Smokers are known to have an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. However, it is not known how smoking brings on osteoporosis. Importantly, neither is it clear whether quitting smoking leads to improved bone health (and a reduced risk of fractures). These are important questions for the community in general and for smokers with osteoporosis in particular. We will endeavour to answer these questions by studying twins who do and do not smoke and by observing what happens to measures of bone health (bone mineral density and other factors) in people attempting to quit smoking. New information gained from these studies may lead to better ways of avoiding or treating the damage that smoking does to bone. We may also become able to predict the benefit to bone when people quit smoking.