Studies on human responses to vibration and vehicle system dynamics

其主要目标是在以下方面进行系统的分析和实验研究：(I)人类对职业振动暴露的反应，并通过振动控制寻求有效的干预措施；(Ii)车辆系统动力学，以提高安全动态极限和振动舒适性。第一个主题的动机源于这样一个事实，即职业暴露于节段性和全身机械振动与一系列健康和安全风险有关。例如，操作者职业接触手持电动工具振动与手-臂系统的血管、感觉神经和肌肉骨骼结构的各种障碍有关，而对工作车辆全身振动环境的职业暴露与脊柱和支撑结构的障碍、不适、疲劳和工作效率丧失有关。后者的研究重点是部分装满油罐车的安全动态极限、先进的车辆悬架概念和车辆振动控制。拟议研究的长期目标是开发评估振动暴露风险的有效方法、有效的振动控制机制，并建立关于各种操作因素的作用的知识。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究计划将集中于一些具体的研究，即：(I)手-臂系统对多轴工具振动的生物动力学响应的表征和建模；(Ii)根据振动能量传递到各种子结构以获得频率加权的分布式生物动力学响应分析；(Iii)坐着的人体对纵轴和水平轴的全身振动的生物动力学响应特征；(Iv)用于增强部分装满的油罐车的方向性能的防晃动装置的设计概念分析；(Vi)半主动和先进的悬架概念的分析。预计研究工作还将有助于正在进行的标准化工作，以建立评估职业性冲击和振动暴露所造成的健康和安全风险的准则和方法。

The primary goal is to conduct systematic analytical and experimental investigations in: (i) human responses to occupational vibration exposure and to seek effective interventions through vibration control; and (ii) vehicle systems dynamics for enhancement of safety dynamics limit and vibration comfort. The motivations for the first subject stem from the fact that occupational exposure to segmental and whole-body mechanical vibration has been associated with an array of health and safety risks. For example, the occupational exposure of operators to hand-held power tools vibration has been related to various disorders in vascular, sensorineural and musculoskeletal structures of the hand-arm system, while that to whole-body vibration environment of work vehicles has been related to disorders of the spine and supporting structure, discomfort, fatigue and loss of working efficiency. The latter research focus is concerned with safety dynamic limits of partly-filled tank trucks, advanced vehicle suspension concepts and vehicle vibration control. The long-term goal of the proposed research is to develop effective methods for assessing risks to vibration exposure, effective vibration control mechanisms, and build knowledge on the role of various operating factors. The proposed research program will focus on a number of specific studies in order to achieve the goals, namely: (i) characterization and modelling of biodynamic responses of the hand-arm system to multi-axes tools vibration ; (ii) analyses of distributed biodynamic responses in terms of vibration energy transfer to various substructures for deriving frequency-weighting; (iii) biodynamic response characterization of seated human body to whole-body vibration along vertical and horizontal axes; (iv) analyses of design concepts in antislosh devices for enhancement of directional performance of partly-filled tank trucks; (vi) analyses of semi-active and advanced pasive suspension concepts. The research works are also expected to contribute to the ongoing standradization efforts towards building guidelines and methods for assessing the helath and safety risks imposed by occupational shock and vibration exposures.