Micromechanics-based constitutive modeling of granular materials

许多先进的岩土工程应用需要应力-应变关系来评估颗粒土对复杂加载条件的响应。尽管基于测试的应力-应变模型可以准确地评估沿着某些加载路径的响应，但超出实验室探索条件的推断要求模型忠实地反映本构行为的物理特性。在过去的三十年中，通过基于颗粒的数值模拟，人们对颗粒材料的物理过程有了更深入的了解。由于大型模拟装配体表现出类似连续体的应力应变响应，其理论分析为在连续体力学框架内充分反映颗粒材料物理特性的本构关系的发展提供了强有力的指导。这种颗粒土壤模型早就该建立了。

Many advanced geotechnical applications require stress-strain relationships to assess response of granular soils to complex loading conditions. Although test-based stress-strain models can lead to accurate assessments of response along some loading paths, extrapolations beyond laboratory-explored conditions require models that faithfully reflect the physics of constitutive behavior. Much insight into physical processes in granular material has been gained in the past three decades through particle-based numerical simulations. As large simulated assemblies exhibit a continuum-like stress-strain response, its theoretical analysis provides a strong guidance for development of constitutive relationships that fully reflect the physics of granular materials within the continuum mechanics framework. Such a model for granular soils is long overdue.