Manipulating properties of electrodeposited materials via defects and temmplated growth

就像人一样，固体材料从来都不是完美的。同样像人一样，固体中的瑕疵往往决定了他们的性格，使他们独一无二。事实上，有些材料目前的科学技术吸引力与它们可以容纳的缺陷和杂质的类型密切相关。例如，氧化锌是用于透明晶体管的领先候选材料，这种晶体管可以实现更明亮、更节能的笔记本电脑显示器。然而，由于氧化锌材料中自然出现的各种缺陷，优化氧化锌的性能给科学家带来了挑战。氧化锌等材料的缺陷敏感特性为控制和定制技术材料的创造提供了迫切需要和千载难逢的机会。

Much like people, solid materials are never perfect. Also like people, the imperfections in a solid often define their character and make them unique. In fact, there are materials whose current scientific and technological appeal is intimately related to the types of defects and impurities that they can accommodate. For example, zinc oxide is a leading candidate for use in the transparent transistors that could enable brighter, more energy-efficient laptop computer displays. However, optimizing the performance of zinc oxide has challenged scientists because of the kinds of imperfections that occur naturally within this material. The defect-sensitive properties of materials like zinc oxide present an urgent need - as well as a golden opportunity - for strategies to control and tailor the creation of technological materials.