Low pressure chromatography system

蛋白质是生命的分子机器：它们具有令人难以置信的多种功能，从结构成分到催化剂，再到信号分子等等。蛋白质是由称为氨基酸的线性链组成的。线性链折叠起来形成特定的结构，决定了蛋白质的独特功能。自然界使用相对少量的不同类型的蛋白质结构，它们与许多不同的序列和功能兼容。蛋白质中单个氨基酸的改变通常与疾病相关，例如，蛋白质超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的突变导致神经退行性疾病肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）。实验和计算研究为估计氨基酸序列如何决定蛋白质结构和功能，或在疾病情况下功能失调提供了大量信息和预测工具。然而，尽管取得了这些进展，我们仍然远远不能准确和一致地预测基于氨基酸序列的蛋白质的行为。

Proteins are life's molecular machines: they have incredibly diverse functions ranging from structural components, to catalysts, to signalling molecules, and many more. Proteins consist of linear chains of building blocks, called amino acids. The linear chains fold up to form specific structures that determine proteins' unique functions. Nature uses a relatively small number of different types of protein structures, which are compatible with many different sequences and functions. Often single amino acid changes in proteins often associated with disease, for example, mutations of the protein superoxide dismutase (SOD) cause the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Experimental and computational research has provided much information and predictive tools for estimating how amino acid sequence determines protein structure and function, or misfunction in the case of disease. Despite this progress, however, we are still far from being able to accurately and consistently predict how a protein will behave based on its amino acid sequence.