Oxidative injury during the storage of cell-based biosensors and therapeutics

保存和长期储存技术的发展是细胞技术成功临床和商业应用的关键要求。随着组织工程、细胞和组织移植以及依赖于活细胞质量的输血医学的发展，细胞和组织的保存仍然是修复医学面临的最重要挑战之一。此外，便携式诊断试验中细胞或细胞产品在极端环境条件（温度和湿度）下的稳定性被认为是在发展中国家使用细胞或细胞产品准确诊断疾病的关键要求。有许多方法来保存基于细胞的技术，包括冷藏，冷冻和干燥储存（干燥）。细胞损伤与细胞对保存过程中发生的物理和化学变化的反应有关。在过去的二十年里，人们对自然系统（如昆虫、植物和线虫）对环境胁迫的反应以及对自然干燥和抗冻性的分子策略的理解取得了巨大进展。保存过程中的氧化应激是活性氧积累或抗氧化能力丧失的结果，这是细胞存活所必须适应的。我们的长期目标是了解并模仿自然系统的自然应激反应策略，以改善基于细胞的生物传感器和治疗方法的保存。我们的假设是，基于细胞的技术中用于保存哺乳动物细胞的改进方法将源于对氧化损伤的更好理解。我们将研究从自然系统中使用保护剂和抗氧化剂作为减少储存相关氧化损伤的新方法。本研究旨在将哺乳动物细胞对氧化应激反应的现有和新兴知识结合起来，以加快提高储存细胞的质量和安全性。

The development of preservation and long-term storage techniques is a critical requirement for the successful clinical and commercial use of cell-based technologies. With the performance of tissue engineering, cell and tissue transplantation, and transfusion medicine dependent on the quality of the living cells, preserving cells and tissues remains one of the most important challenges facing reparative medicine. In addition, the stability of cells or cell products in portable diagnostic tests under extreme environmental conditions (temperature and humidity) is considered to be a critical requirement for their use in accurately diagnosing disease in the developing world. There are a number of approaches to the preservation of cell-based technologies including refrigeration, freezing and dry storage (desiccation). Cell injury is related to how the cell responds to the physical and chemical changes that occur during the preservation processes. Over the past twenty years, enormous progress has been made understanding the response of natural systems (for example insects, plants, and nematodes) to environmental stress and the molecular strategies that are responsible for natural desiccation- and freeze-tolerance. Oxidative stress during preservation is the result of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species or loss of antioxidant capacity that must be accommodated if cell survival is to occur. Our long term goals are to understand and then mimic the native stress response strategies of natural systems to improve the preservation of cell-based biosensors and therapeutics. It is our hypothesis that improved methods for the preservation of mammalian cells used in cell-based technologies will result from a better understanding of oxidative injury. We will investigate the use of protectants and antioxidants from natural systems as new methods to reduce storage-related oxidative injury. This study is a focused effort to bring together current and emerging knowledge of the response of mammalian cells to oxidative stress with the aim of accelerating efforts to enhance the quality and safety of stored cells.