Soft and rigid tissue effects on shock propagation.

目前尚不清楚软(肌肉、脂肪)和硬(骨)组织如何相互作用来减弱潜在的破坏性冲击力(休克)，因为它们通过身体部分传播到更近端的解剖结构，在跑步时脚后跟着陆和跌倒后伸展上肢阻止身体。加拿大人经常经历这样的活动，相关影响的负面后果可能是深远的。我们对组织如何相互作用以减轻冲击性冲击的有害影响的理解将因以下方面而得到提高：1.通过开发和验证各种人群(例如年轻人和老年人)的四肢、躯干和头部和颈部的预测方程，建立软组织和硬组织肿块的库存。这将极大地增强我们对所有节段组织在撞击后的反应进行生物力学建模的能力；2.进一步评估向活体参与者和人体标本传递和控制撞击的创新方法，这些方法更接近于典型的着陆和坠落阻止撞击条件；以及3.利用各种成像和建模方法来量化软组织和刚性组织的反应，并记录撞击后通过这些组织的冲击传播路径。通过这项工作，预计生物力学团体将在涉及撞击的常见活动中了解组织如何响应和相互作用。我们还将能够更好地评估和模拟人类的反应，因为影响交付的现实性得到了改善，并且能够记录在这些活动中经历的电击是如何通过节段组织传播的。综上所述，这项研究的结果将极大地促进这一领域的冲击生物力学研究的进展，并最终为评估和改进伤害预防策略以及降低与撞击导致的伤害相关的医疗成本提供方向，这将使所有加拿大人受益。

It is not well understood how soft (muscle, fat) and rigid (bone) tissues interact to attenuate potentially injurious impact forces (shock) as they propagate through body segments to more proximal anatomical structures, following activities such as heel landings during running and arresting the body with outstretched upper extremities after falling. Activities such as these are commonly experienced by Canadians and the negative consequences of the associated impacts can be profound. Our understanding of how tissues interact to mitigate the detrimental effects of impact shock will improve as a result of this research by: 1. establishing an inventory of soft and rigid tissue masses by developing and validating prediction equations for the extremity, trunk, and head and neck segments of a wide range of people (e.g. young vs. older people). This will dramatically enhance our ability to biomechanically model the response of all segment tissues following impact; 2. further evaluating innovative methods for delivering and controlled impacts to living participants and human specimens that more closely mimic typical landing and fall arrest impact conditions, and; 3. utilizing various imaging and modeling approaches to quantify the response of soft and rigid tissues and document shock propagation pathways through these tissues after impact. From this work, it is anticipated that the biomechanics community will learn considerably about how tissues respond and interact during common activities involving impact. We will also be able to better evaluate and model the human response due to the improved realism of impact delivery and capacity to document how shock experienced during these activities propagates through segment tissues. Taken together, the outcomes of this research will significantly foster the progression of impact biomechanics research in this area and ultimately provide direction for assessing and improving injury prevention strategies and reducing healthcare costs associated with impact-induced injuries, that will benefit all Canadians.