Response of ocean productivity to a warming Arctic

由于全球变暖，高纬度海洋正在经历最戏剧性的气候变化。预测的变化(例如，海冰覆盖、环流模式、水柱分层、温度、溶解的二氧化碳、营养物质供应)将影响生物系统底部漂浮的单细胞藻类(浮游植物)的生产力，从而影响海洋生态系统的结构和功能。这些光合作用生物吸收溶解在地表水中的营养物质，并在下沉、死亡和分解后将其输送到深海，从而控制大气中的二氧化碳水平。因此，浮游植物通过改变海洋的碳平衡，在改变地球气候方面发挥着关键作用。除了调节气候外，浮游植物生理学还可以影响沿海洋食物网的营养物质转移，对北冰洋鱼类和海洋哺乳动物的生存可能产生重大影响。因此，从实验上评估浮游植物对气候变暖的反应至关重要，特别是在北极西部，那里的浮游植物过程研究很少。

High-latitude oceans are experiencing the most dramatic climatic variations due to global warming. Predicted changes (e.g. in sea ice cover, circulation patterns, water column stratification, temperature, dissolved carbon dioxide, nutrient supply) will impact marine ecosystem structure and function by affecting the productivity of floating unicellular algae (phytoplankton) at the base of the biological system. These photosynthetic organisms take up nutrients dissolved in surface waters and deliver them to the deep sea after sinking, death and decomposition thereby controlling the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, phytoplankton play a critical role in modifying the earth's climate by changing the carbon balance of the ocean. In addition to modulating climate, phytoplankton physiology can affect nutrient transfer along marine food webs with potentially dramatic consequences for the survival of fish and marine mammals in arctic seas. Therefore, it is critical to experimentally evaluate phytoplankton responses to warming, especially in the western Arctic where phytoplankton processes studies are few.