Quantum resource theories

传统上，量子理论被认为是强加给我们的额外限制，相对于我们在一个由经典理论支配的世界中所面临的限制。 然而，现在有许多信息处理任务的例子，其中利用量子效应的协议优于经典的协议。 这些任务包括加密任务，例如安全密钥分发和计算任务，例如找到一个大数字的素因子。 计量学中还有一些任务，例如构建高精度时钟和陀螺仪，并实现更好的同步和对准协议，量子技术可以提供优势。 事实证明，生活在量子世界中，我们受益而不是受苦。

Quantum theory has traditionally been considered to impose upon us additional limitations relative to what we would face in a world that was governed by a classical theory. However, there are now many examples of information-processing tasks for which protocols making use of quantum effects outperform their classical counterparts. These include cryptographic tasks such as secure key distribution and computational tasks such as finding the prime factors of a large number. There are also tasks in metrology such as building high precision clocks and gyroscopes and achieving better protocols for their synchronization and alignment, for which quantum technologies can offer advantages. As it turns out, we benefit rather than suffer from living in a quantum world.