Rational design of microbial strains for novel biochemical products

石油化学原料的挥发性增加使得有必要向使用生物质基原料合成运输燃料的范式转变。相比之下，除了1，3丙二醇（DuPont）、乳酸（Cargill）和1，4丁二醇（Genomatica）之外，用于大规模商品化学品的微生物菌株工程的实例很少。所有这些化学物质的一个共同特征是它们主要来自中枢代谢。这些努力的成功显然激励了微生物菌株工程努力，以进一步从中心代谢中去除其他化学物质。这些包括二羧酸如琥珀酸、苹果酸、富马酸、衣康酸和己二酸以及乙酰丙酸。然而，对于诸如己二酸的化学品，合成途径不存在于

Increased volatility in the petrochemical feedstocks has necessitated a paradigm shift towards the use of biomass based feedstocks for the synthesis of transportation fuels. In contrast, there have been very few instances of microbial strain engineering for large-scale commodity chemicals with the exception of 1,3 propanediol (DuPont), lactic acid (Cargill), and 1,4 butanediol (Genomatica). A common feature among all of these chemicals is that they are derived primarily from central metabolism. The success of these efforts clearly motivates the microbial strain engineering efforts for other chemicals which are further removed from central metabolism. These include dicarboxylic acids such as succinic, malic, fumaric, itaconic and adipic acids as well as levulinic acid. However, for chemicals such as adipic acid, the synthesis pathways are not present in