Phosphatases in neural stem cell biology

蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（Protein tyrosine phosphatases，PTPs）是一类在动物体内广泛表达的酶。PTP负责从蛋白质中的氨基酸酪氨酸中去除磷酸分子。它们对于逆转磷酸基团加入蛋白质作为调节细胞功能的一种方式非常重要。PTPs对神经系统发育和功能的贡献几乎是未知的。这项研究资助的目的是研究PTPs在神经系统早期发育过程中的作用。我们将研究小鼠大脑中干细胞形成新细胞的各个方面，这些干细胞已经被遗传改变以产生非活性PTP。实验将完成，以确定PTP如何影响细胞分裂和细胞死亡在大脑发育过程中。这些实验很重要，因为这些信息将告诉我们控制大脑中新细胞产生的生物途径。这项研究的结果对刺激受疾病或损伤影响的大脑新生长的疗法的进展具有更广泛的意义。

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a group of enzymes expressed throughout the animal kngdom. PTPs are responsible for removing phosphate molecules from the amino acid tyrosine in proteins. They are important to reverse the addition of phosphate groups to proteins as a way to regulate functions in cells. The contribution of PTPs to the development and function of the nervous system are virtually unknown. The purpose of this research grant is to study the role of PTPs during the early development of the nervous system. We will study aspects of new cell formation from stem cells in the brains of mice that have been genetically altered to produce inactive PTP. Experiments will be completed to determine how PTP affects the divison of cells and the death of cells during brain development. These experiments are important because the information will inform us of the biological pathways that control the production of new cells in the brain. The results of this research have broader implications for progress toward therapies that stimulate new growth in the brain affected by disease or injury.