Renewable Energy Storage Buffering with Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells with Rapid Cycling Ability

太阳能或风能等可再生能源有可能显著减少空气污染和二氧化碳排放，同时延长化石燃料储备的寿命。然而，能源是间歇性的，因此需要存储缓冲区来提供足够的可再生能源。固体氧化物电池可以作为电解槽(SOEC)和燃料电池(SOFC)进行可逆操作，与电池相比，它有可能提高存储缓冲技术的寿命，与低温电解槽相比，它可以提高能量存储和释放的效率，因为它们具有较低的动能损失，并且能够使用更大比例的热量而不是电力作为制氢的能量输入。这种热量可能来自电池运行过程中的阻力加热和动能损失、外部太阳能聚光器(如用于太阳能热电厂的聚光器)、地热源或核电站或工业设施的废热。

Renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power have the potential to significantly reduce air pollution and CO2 emissions while extending the lifetime of fossil fuel reserves. However, the energy sources are intermittent, so storage buffers are needed in order to provide sufficient availability of renewable power. Solid oxide cells that can operate reversibly as electrolysis cells (SOECs) and fuel cells (SOFCs) could potentially improve the longevity of storage buffer technology compared to batteries and improve the efficiency of energy storage and release compared to low temperature electrolysis cells, due to their lower kinetic losses and ability to use a greater proportion of heat rather than electricity as the energy input for hydrogen production. This heat can originate from resistance heating and kinetic losses in the cells during their operation, from external solar concentrators (such as those used in solar thermal plants), from geothermal sources, or from waste heat from nuclear power plants or industrial facilities.