Geophysical investigations of earth, moon and mercury

这项建议包括研究水星、月球和地球的磁场，沿着水星的地壳和岩石圈。 这些主题提供了关于太阳系内行星和卫星的内部结构和演化的信息。 对水星的调查将使用美国宇航局信使使命的数据，2008年和2009年的3次飞越以及2011-2012年的轨道数据。拟议的研究将允许区分地壳和核心的磁场来源，并评估拟议的核心发电机模型。地形、重力和图像数据的结合使用将允许研究水星地壳和岩石圈随时间的厚度，并调查大型撞击盆地的演变。 卫星对月球磁场的观测，沿着在一些阿波罗样品中观察到的强磁化，表明月球地壳中存在着反磁化;然而，磁化场的起源和时间尚不清楚。 有人提出了一个核心发电机和冲击（冲击）过程。 拟议中的研究旨在了解月球是否有核心发电机，如果有，何时有。如果冲击在月球上获得地壳剩磁的过程中扮演了重要的角色，为什么这个记录与火星上的记录如此不同，这对水星有什么影响？ 地球磁场的结构和演化是理解地球发电机和地球内部深处的关键，但它的许多方面仍然缺乏记录。拟议的研究将通过整合不同类型的岩石磁性记录和开发全球磁场模型，绘制过去250万年来磁场强度和方向的变化。

This proposal comprises studies of the magnetic fields of Mercury, the Moon and Earth, along with studies of Mercury's crust and lithosphere. These topics provide information on the interior structure and evolution of inner solar system planets and moons. Investigations of Mercury will use data from NASA's MESSENGER mission, from 3 flybys in 2008 and 2009, and from orbit in 2011-2012. The studies proposed will allow discrimination of crustal and core sources for the magnetic field, and evaluation of proposed core dynamo models. The combined use of topography, gravity, and image data will allow studies of the thickness of Mercury's crust and lithosphere over time, and investigations of the evolution of large impact basins. Satellite observations of the lunar magnetic field, along with strong magnetizations observed in some Apollo samples indicate the presence of remanent magnetization in the lunar crust; however the origin and timing of the magnetizing field is not understood. Both a core dynamo and impact (shock) processes have been suggested. Proposed studies aim to understand whether the Moon had a core dynamo and if so when. If shock has played a major role in the acquisition of crustal remanence on the Moon, why is this record so different from at Mars, and what implications does this have for Mercury? The structure and evolution of Earth's magnetic field is key to understanding the geodynamo and Earth's deep interior, but many aspects of it remain poorly documented. Proposed studies will map the changes in strength and direction of the field over the past 2.5 Myr, by integrating different types of rock magnetic records, and developing global magnetic field models.