Performance-Based Assessment Techniques for Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Steel Structures Under Design and Extreme Earthquakes

近年来，发生了几次大地震(北岭1994，日本，新 新西兰，2011)，它们已经证明了根据 根据当前和过去的地震规定。加拿大风险和危险网络指出，设计水平的地震可能是加拿大最大的潜在自然威胁，因为大多数城市基础设施是在采用现代抗震规定之前建造的。加拿大地震台网的结论是，加拿大东海岸和西海岸很可能发生重大地震。因此，需要使用一个严格的框架来评估加拿大基础设施的崩溃潜力，该框架将有助于做出符合社会最大利益的知情决定。这还将帮助利益攸关方在地震减灾方面做出明智的决定，以保证关键基础设施的抗震能力。在抗震设计方面，这个框架需要实用和可行，这样工程师才能(1)使用评估技术得出符合所需坍塌安全级别的特定目标的结构特性，以及(2)决定关键基础设施的有效翻新技术。拟议的研究方案通过以下方式解决这些问题： 1.开发滞回模型，通过试验测试扩展对接近倒塌的梁和柱等结构构件的建模能力；通过制定创新的减少倒塌战略，改进国家和国际抗震设计准则； 2.推进现有建筑物抗震翻新的新方法；以经济损失为衡量标准，评估替代翻新系统的有效性； 3.培训高素质人员(HQP)并开发技术转让机制，向最终用户和利益攸关方传播有关如何提高基础设施抗震能力的知识。

In recent years, several large magnitude earthquakes have occurred (Northridge 1994, Japan, New Zealand, 2011), which have demonstrated the collapse potential of buildings designed in accordance with current and past seismic provisions. The Canadian Risk and Hazards Network indicates that a design level earthquake is probably Canada's greatest potential natural threat since most of the urban infrastructure was constructed prior to the introduction of modern seismic provisions. The Canadian Seismic Network concluded that a significant earthquake is likely to occur in the east and west coast of Canada. Hence the collapse potential of Canadian infrastructure needs to be assessed using a rigorous framework that will contribute to informed decisions in the best interest of society. This will also help stakeholders to make informed decisions on seismic mitigation that will guarantee seismic resilience of critical infrastructure. In the context of earthquake resistant design, this framework needs to be practical and feasible so that engineers can (1) use assessment techniques to derive structural properties that comply with specific targets for a required level of collapse safety and (2) decide on effective retrofit techniques for critical infrastructure. The proposed research program addresses these issues by: 1. The development of hysteretic models that extend modeling capabilities of structural elements such as beams and columns near collapse through experimental testing; Improvement of national and international seismic design guidelines through development of innovative collapse mitigation strategies; 2. advancing on new ways on seismic retrofit of existing buildings; evaluating the effectiveness of alternative retrofit systems with economic losses as a metric; and by, 3. training of Highly Qualified Personnel (HQP) and developing technology transfer mechanisms to disseminate knowledge to end users and stakeholders on how to increase the seismic robustness of infrastructure.