Control System Design and Analysis for Canadian Direct Cycle SCWR

加拿大直接循环超临界水冷堆（SCWR）是第四代反应堆之一。与现有反应堆的主要区别在于，冷却剂在超临界条件下运行，以实现高热效率和紧凑的占地面积。因此，在相同的功率水平下，超临界水反应堆中的能量浓度远高于传统反应堆。这造成了独特的控制问题，因为它们对任何干扰都更加敏感。此外，高压和高温使测量和控制系统的实施更具挑战性。本计画的主要目的是建立一套控制系统设计的数学模型，以研究超临界水反应堆的动态特性。然后，将使用这些模型设计适当的控制方案，并适当考虑电厂启动、关闭和正常运行期间的测量和执行器系统的限制。研究的目标是提出控制策略，模型和设计工具，为加拿大直接循环超临界水电站，以实现安全和高效的运行。由于这种新型反应堆仍在开发中，因此将创建一个灵活的控制系统设计和分析平台，以应对任何设计修改。

Canadian Direct Cycle Supercritical Water Cooled Reactor known as SCWR is one of the Generation IV reactors. The main difference from existing reactors is that the coolant is operating under supercritical condition to achieve high thermal efficiency and compact footprint. As such, at the same power level, the energy concentration in a SCWR is much higher than that of a conventional reactor. This poses unique control problems, as they are much more sensitive to any disturbances. Furthermore, the high pressure and temperature make the implementation of the measurement and control systems much more challenging. The main focus of this project is to investigate dynamic behaviors of a SCWR by creating a set of control system design friendly mathematical models. The models will then be used to design suitable control schemes with due considerations of limitations on the measurement and actuator systems for plant start-up, shutdown and during normal operation. The goal of the research is to come up with control strategies, models, and design tools for Canadian Direct Cycle SCWR to achieve safe and efficient operation. Due to the fact that this new reactor type is still under development, a flexible control system design and analysis platform will be created to account for any design modifications.