Advanced tools for bed bug pest management

臭虫是专性吸血者。近年来，包括加拿大和美国在内的许多国家的臭虫侵扰急剧增加，导致人们对设计更好的管理工具和控制方案重新产生了兴趣。据加拿大卫生部称，从无家可归者收容所到五星级酒店，甚至在公共交通工具上都可以找到它们。鉴于臭虫是最难根除的害虫之一，因为它们体积小，对传统杀虫剂具有抗药性，易于运输，拟议研究的主要目标是促进开发用于管理臭虫的产品，臭虫是一种重新出现的公共卫生害虫，基于i.化学信息素-无毒的行为改变物质，以及ii.天然产物如硅藻土（DE）和植物杀虫剂。 本提案的总体目标是开发一种室内害虫管理系统，以防治常见的臭虫，温带臭虫，该系统基于：a. 行为修饰合成信息素类似物，其作为用于个人保护的驱避剂和用于诱捕和监测的引诱剂; B.驱避剂或引诱剂的二元混合物的协同效应; C.针对臭虫的致死作用的增强的DE; d. DE和引诱剂的混合物=“引诱和杀死”策略; e. DE和豌豆提取物/豌豆蛋白或其它天然物质的混合物，以增加DE的功效。 几乎没有无毒的管理工具可用于减轻臭虫。开发这种工具不仅有利于温哥华的两家年轻公司（SemioBIO技术公司，DE实验室），而且在全球范围内具有潜在的社会经济价值，因为这种害虫在世界范围内死灰复燃。

Bed bugs are obligate blood feeders on humans. In recent years, bed bug infestations have increased dramatically in many countries including Canada and USA, leading to a renewed interest in designing better management tools and control options. According to Health Canada they can now be found everywhere from homeless shelters to five-star hotels, and even on public transportation. Given that bed bugs are among the most difficult pests to eradicate due to their small size, demonstrated resistance to conventional insecticides and their ease of transport, the key objective of the proposed research is to facilitate the development of products for management of bed bugs, a re-emerged public health pest, based on i. semiochemicals - non-toxic behaviour-modifying substances, and ii. natural products such as diatomaceous earth (DE) and botanical insecticides. The overall goals of this proposal are to develop an indoor pest management system against the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius based on: a. behavior-modifying synthetic pheromone analogs as repellents for personal protection and attractants for trapping and monitoring; b. synergistic effects of binary mixtures of repellents or attractants; c. enhanced DE for lethal effects against bed bugs; d. mixtures of DE and attractants = "attract and kill" strategy; e. mixtures of DE and pea extract/pea protein or other natural materials to increase the efficacy of DE. There are few non-toxic management tools available to mitigate bed bugs. Development of such tools would not only be beneficial to two young Vancouver companies (SemioBIO Technologies, DE Laboratories), but of potential socio-economic value globally as resurgence of this pest has occurred worldwide.