Herbivore-induced plant volatiles: plant and insect responses

草食动物诱导的植物挥发物：植物和昆虫的反应

• 批准号: 2729-2011
• 负责人: Isman, Murray
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568258
• 关键词: Herbivore; induced; plant; volatiles; insect

Volatile organic compounds can play a dominant role in the ecology of plants. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are well documented for a number of agronomic plants, as is their role in attracting parasitoids and predators, thus providing indirect defense for the emitting plant. What is far less well know is the influence of HIPVs among different types of insect herbivores attacking the same plant, and whether insect herbivores can habituate to these olfactory signals from their host plants. Key parameters of global climate change - increasing CO2 and temperature - are predicted to alter plant defensive chemistry and may make crops more vulnerable to pests. Effects of these atmospheric factors on HIPVs has been little studied. I propose to explore HIPVs from three perspectives, that of the plant, the herbivore community and individual herbivores. Specifically, the objectives of the proposed research are: 1. To determine qualitative and quantitative differences in HIPVs between greenhouse grown and field grown tomato plants of comparable age, and if HIPVs are increased by CO2 enrichment; 2. To determine if HIPVs influence landing/settling by different herbivores (looper moths, aphids, whiteflies) either positively (attraction) or negatively (repellence/deterrence), including influence on conspecifics (i.e. the inducing species); 3. To determine if herbivores can become habituated to HIPVs after prolonged exposure These studies will enhance our understanding of the role of HIPVs in insect-plant interactions, in particular regarding their role in community ecology of insect herbivores. On the practical side, we may better predict how global climate change might impact food production by understanding how plant defences may change in response to abiotic factors, and how insects may in turn respond to HIPVs on a population and individual basis. Ultimately we may be able to turn to HIPVs to better effect pest management via manipulation of pest populations.

挥发性有机化合物可以在植物的生态学中起主要作用。食草动物引起的植物挥发物（HIPV）对许多农艺植物有充分的记录，它们在吸引寄生虫和捕食者中的作用也是如此，从而为发射植物提供了间接的防御。 众所周知，HIPV在攻击同一植物的不同类型的昆虫食草动物中的影响，以及昆虫食草动物是否可以习惯于宿主植物的这些嗅觉信号。 预计全球气候变化的关键参数 - 升高二氧化碳和温度 - 会改变植物防御性化学，并可能使农作物更容易受到害虫的影响。 这些大气因素对HIPV的影响很少。 我建议从三个角度探索HIPV，即植物，草食动物社区和各个食草动物的观点。 具体而言，拟议的研究的目标是： 1。确定温室种植和类似年龄的田间种植的番茄植物之间HIPV的定性和定量差异，以及是否通过二氧化碳富集增加HIPV； 2。确定HIPV是否会影响不同的草食动物（Looper蛾，蚜虫，粉状）的着陆/定居，要么积极（吸引力）或负面（抑制/威慑），包括对同种特异性（即诱导物种）的影响； 3。确定长期暴露后是否可以习惯于习惯于hipv 这些研究将增强我们对HIPV在昆虫植物相互作用中的作用的理解，尤其是关于它们在昆虫食草动物社区生态学中的作用。 从实际方面来说，我们可以更好地预测全球气候变化如何通过了解植物防御能力如何对非生物因素的响应方式发生变化以及昆虫如何在人群和个人基础上对HIPV响应。 最终，我们也许可以通过操纵害虫种群来更好地影响害虫管理。