Developing genomic breeding values for the Hays Converter

基因组学通过基因组选择的应用对奶牛产生了很大的影响。这是 用一组50，000（50k）个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）来实现。在肉牛中， 影响一直是亲子关系的分配（这确实增加了遗传改良的速度，在一些 （1）选择牛肉品质。基因组选择现在才开始为牛肉育种者所用。 使基因组选择在不同品种中发挥作用的困难之一与不同的遗传因素有关。 品种之间的结构，因此不可能将一个种群的结果应用于另一个种群（对于 例如从荷斯坦到泽西的乳制品性状）。然而，当我们观察一个群体时， 圭尔夫大学（UofG）或金塞拉牧场（阿尔伯塔大学），并试图预测下一个 一代，效果非常好。挑战在于能够为其他人群开发预测。 我们对Kinsella牛群的经验提供了牛群内预测准确性的洞察， 可能在一个小种群内（在这种情况下，畜群中的相关动物），当这些种群 基因型和表型。海斯转换器代表了一个合成品种， 与迄今为止研究的其他Kinsella种群互补。海斯转换器（HC）已作为 封闭种群和近亲繁殖形成了独特的种群结构。初始 2013年，在UofG的Steve米勒的指导下，一名理学硕士学生完成了HC的基因组分析。一 结果表明，该群体的遗传多样性降低，近交阳性率增加， HC开发新的改进策略，利用基因组学提高遗传改进率 同时控制近亲繁殖

Genomics has had a large impact in dairy cattle through the application of genomic selection. This was achieved with a panel of 50,000 (50k) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In beef cattle the largest impact has been to the assigning of parentage (which does increase rates of genetic improvement in some situations) or selecting for beef quality. Genomic selection is just now becoming available to beef breeders. One of the struggles in making genomic selection work in different breeds relates to the different genetic architectures between breeds, so that it is not possible to apply results from one population to another (for example from Holstein to Jersey for dairy traits). However, when we look within a population, such as those at the University of Guelph (UofG) or the Kinsella ranch (University of Alberta), and try and predict the next generation, the results are very good. The challenge is to be able to develop predictions for other populations. The within-herd prediction accuracies that we experience for the Kinsella herd provide insight into what is possible within a small population (in this case related animals in a herd), when those populations are genotyped and phenotyped. The Hays Converter represents a synthetic breed which has attributes complementary to the other Kinsella populations studied to date. The Hays Converter (HC) has been run as a closed population and inbreeding in the formation of the population has created a unique structure. An initial genomic analysis, of the HC was completed by an MSc student supervised by Steve Miller at UofG in 2013. A positive rate of inbreeding and a decrease in the amount of genetic diversity was found. This proposal is to help the HC to develop a new improvement strategy utilizing genomics to improve rates of genetic improvement while controlling inbreeding.