In-plane and out-of-plane behaviour of concrete masonry infills

砌体墙通常用于填充钢或钢筋混凝土框架，作为现代建筑结构中的内部分隔或外部覆层。由于缺乏科学的信息，在评估填充物和框架之间的相互作用的程度，砌体填充物往往被视为非结构元素和边界框架的重力和横向荷载的设计。因此，砌体填充物对框架刚度和强度的贡献被忽略。然而，忽略填充的贡献是一种保守的方法，这是一种误解。填充墙显著地包围框架，这反过来又将更大的力吸引到结构中的填充区域。 设计不当的填充墙已被确定为地震中灾难性结构故障的一个促成因素。另一方面，适当设计的填充物已经显示出在抵抗各种类型的侧向载荷方面为框架系统提供显著的强度和延展性，即使在相当大的开裂之后。

Masonry walls have been commonly used to infill steel or reinforced concrete frames either as interior partitions or exterior cladding in modern building construction. Due to a lack of scientific information in assessing the extent of interaction between the infill and the frame, the masonry infill is often treated as non-structural element and the bounding frame is designed for both gravity and lateral loading. The contribution of masonry infills to the frame stiffness and strength is therefore ignored. It is, however, a misconception that ignoring the contribution of the infill is a conservative approach. Infill walls significantly stiffen the frame, which in turn attracts larger forces to the infill region in a structure. Improperly designed Infill walls have been identified as a contributing factor to catastrophic structural failures in earthquakes. On the other hand, properly designed infills have shown to provide significant strength and ductility for the frame system in resisting various types of lateral loads-even after considerable cracking.