Mechanisms of regulation of ribosome biogenesis and stress resistance in yeast

在真核细胞中，近三分之一的新合成蛋白质进入内质网（ER），这是一种包含特殊质量控制机制的细胞器，可确保新生肽的适当折叠。如果不能折叠成正确的构象，就会导致蛋白质功能丧失和细胞死亡。因此，细胞已经进化出信号通路，以响应由突变或环境损害等各种因素引起的内质网错误折叠蛋白负荷（内质网应激）的突然增加。在内质网应激下，细胞激活未折叠蛋白反应(

In eukaryotic cells, nearly one third of all newly synthetized proteins enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle containing specialized quality control machinery that ensures the proper folding of the nascent peptides. Failure to fold into their proper conformation leads to loss of protein function and cell death. Thus, cells have evolved signaling pathways that respond to sudden increases in the ER misfolded protein burden (ER stress) caused by various factors such as mutation or environmental insults. In response to ER stress, cells activate the unfolded protein response (