Comprehensive kinetic and modelling study of basic oxygen steelmaking

碱性氧炼钢（BOS）工艺相对成熟，在定性方面得到了很好的理解。然而，优化操作主要是基于过程数据的统计模型，尽管在日常操作中效率很高，但通常限制了对已知操作窗口的控制。这样的模型没有解决几个悬而未决的问题，包括详细的反应机制和不同反应部位在碱性氧炉（BOF）内的贡献。该项目的总体目标是基于我们对该过程所有关键方面的基本机械知识，开发一个在碱性氧炉（BOF）中精炼碳、硫和磷的综合模型。这项研究总结了申请人几年来关于金属渣乳剂精炼率的相关发展，并将与加拿大和全球钢铁工业伙伴合作进行。该研究将结合详细的高温动力学实验研究，这将回答有关（BOF）中液滴行为的基本科学问题，并将采用整体建模方法进行改进，并最终使用工业试验数据进行验证。通过对整体钢浴精炼与单独由液滴引起的精炼进行比较，以及将特定部位的反应与可能在多个部位发生的反应进行比较，将确定液滴和所谓“热点”的相对贡献。所有这些信息将与工厂取样的炉渣形成数据相结合，以开发出一个综合的转炉模型。加拿大目前每年生产约1300万吨钢材，其中一半以上由5艘BOF船生产。目前的建议将提高转炉炼钢在成本、产量和每吨钢的能源效率方面的效率。加拿大生产商的直接参与以及研究成果的可得性和更广泛的应用将使加拿大钢铁制造商在成本和质量方面具有优势。

The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) process is relatively mature and well understood in qualitative terms. However, optimizing operations has been based largely on a statistical models of process data and, although efficient in day to day operation generally limit control to known operating windows. Such models do not address several open questions regarding the detailed reaction mechanisms and the contributions from different reaction sites inside the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF). The overall objective of this project is to develop a comprehensive model of carbon, sulphur and phosphorus refining in a Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF), based on our fundamental mechanistic knowledge of all critical aspects of the process. The research caps several years of related developments by the applicants concerning refining rates in slag-metal emulsions, and will be done in collaboration with Canadian and global steel industry partners. The research will combine detailed experimental studies of high temperature kinetics, which will answer fundamental scientific questions about the behaviour of droplets in the (BOF), with a holistic modeling approach which will be refined and ultimately validated using data from industrial trials. By comparison of overall steel bath refining with that due to droplets alone, as well as comparison of reactions which are site specific with those which may occur at multiple sites, the relative contributions of droplets and the so called "hot spot" will be determined. All of this information will be combined with slag formation data from plant sampling, to develop a comprehensive model of the BOF. Canada currently produces approximately 13 million tonnes of steel per year with over half produced in five BOF vessels. The current proposal will improve the efficiency of BOF steelmaking in terms of cost, yield and energy efficiency per tonne of steel. The direct participation of a Canadian producer and availability of the results for application more widely will afford Canadian steelmakers cost and quality advantages.