Dissection of Subcellular Responses and Interactions in Plants

所有生物都对环境信号做出反应，并采用各种亚细胞策略来最大化其生存机会。尽管植物具有久坐不动的特性，但它们在对抗周围无数的压力方面尤其成功。因此，植物细胞一直是我的实验室选择的研究材料，我们努力了解它们维持细胞内稳态的微妙策略。我的长期目标是了解植物细胞的反应性，这一研究是在2005年通过我的第一次发现基金启动的，并无缝地延伸到第二个资助期，并从发现加速补充中获得了可观的收益。在过去的资助期间，我的基于实时成像的方法已经产生了各种各样的基本工具，使用传统和光转换荧光蛋白。该实验室还开发了几项开创性的技术，用于精确定位和跟踪亚细胞成分和区室。最重要的是，牢记我们的长期目标，我们发现并初步表征了涉及不同细胞器快速膜延伸的新型亚细胞现象（Sinclair等人，2009；Mathur等人，2013；Schattat等人，2012）。我们所报道的短暂现象似乎对所有真核生物都是常见的，并且经常涉及使受到压力的细胞迅速恢复平衡，并使其能够更好地准备应对反复出现的压力。这一提议建立在我过去10年的基础工作之上，旨在揭示迄今为止已确定的基本亚细胞现象的更多细节。根据本建议，我确定的四个关键和互补的探索领域是：(1)。了解细胞器延伸形成的机制。(2)。了解细胞器扩展在细胞器间运输中的作用。(3)。了解内质网（ER）作为细胞器形状和相互作用的物理调节剂的作用。了解细胞膜-细胞骨架相互作用的基本原理。

All living organisms respond to environmental cues and employ a variety of sub-cellular strategies for maximizing their chances of survival. Plants, despite their sedentary nature have been especially successful in combating the myriad stresses surrounding them. Plant cells, therefore, have been the research material of choice for my lab where we strive to understand their subtle stratagems for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Research into my long-term goal of understanding the responsiveness of the plant cell was initiated through my first Discovery grant in 2005 and has extended seamlessly into the second grant period with considerable benefit from a Discovery accelerated supplement. During the past grant periods my live-imaging based approach has resulted in a wide variety of basic tools using conventional and photo-convertible fluorescent proteins. The lab has also developed several pioneering techniques for precise targeting and tracking of sub-cellular components and compartments. Most important, keeping our long-term goal in mind, is our discovery and initial characterization of novel sub-cellular phenomenon involving rapid membrane extensions from different organelles (Sinclair et al., 2009; Mathur et al., 2013; Schattat et al. 2012). The transient phenomena reported by us appear to be common to all eukaryotes and are very often involved in bringing a stressed cell back to equilibrium quickly as well as allowing it to be better prepared for dealing with recurrent stress. This proposal builds up on my foundational work of the last 10 years and is aimed at uncovering more details about the basic subcellular phenomena identified so far. The four key and complementary areas of exploration defined by me for investigation under the present proposal are: (1). Understanding the mechanisms involved in the formation of organelle extensions. (2). Understanding the role of organelle extensions in inter-organelle trafficking. (3). Understanding the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a physical regulator of organelle shape and interactivity.(4). Understanding the fundamentals of endomembrane-cytoskeletal interactions.