How voice familiarity facilitates intelligibility of degraded and masked speech

跟随和理解一个特定的对话伙伴，尽管有其他来源的干扰，这是我们大多数人每天都要完成的壮举。然而，需要许多处理操作，使得当听到由许多不同声源（及其回声）组成的复杂听觉信号时，特别是一个源（即，语音）可以被识别、跟踪和理解。我的学员和我研究经验和先验知识如何融入语音听力和理解，特别是在嘈杂的日常条件下。知识导向的流程（例如，使用有意义的上下文来感知地“填充”被掩蔽或降级的语音）可以显著地改善感知组织和语音感知，但是通常需要注意力，这可能是为什么在嘈杂的社交环境中进行通信是费力的并且通常令人沮丧的。一个未被充分探索的基于知识的因素，可能会提高理解，而实际上

Following and understanding one particular conversational partner, despite interference from other sources, is a feat most of us accomplish every day. However, many processing operations are required so that, when hearing a complex auditory signal consisting of many different sources of sound (and their echoes), one source in particular (i.e., a voice) can be identified, tracked, and understood. My trainees and I study how experience and prior knowledge feed into voice listening and comprehension, particularly in noisy, everyday, conditions. Knowledge-guided processes (e.g., the use of meaningful context to perceptually ‘fill in’ masked or degraded speech) can dramatically improve perceptual organization and speech perception, but often require attention, which is probably why communicating in noisy social situations is effortful and often frustrating. One underexplored knowledge-based factor that may enhance comprehension while actually