Nanoscale photonic devices to store, process, and transfer quantum information

目前，正在开发用于安全量子通信的量子光子器件，由此使用单光子来分发加密密钥，以通过应用量子物理定律来确保安全的信息传输。然而，长距离发送单光子极具挑战性，因为光子通过经典通信信道被光纤吸收而在数据传输中丢失。由于这种传输损耗，量子信息只能在附近城市之间相对较短的距离内传播。为了将安全量子信息的传输距离扩展到数千公里，需要新的量子光子器件技术。此外，由于不可能以与经典信号相同的方式放大量子信号，因此量子中继器（重复量子信号的设备）是实现长距离量子通信的最现实的设备。量子信息在更长距离上的安全分发将影响政府、军队、银行机构、企业以及所有需要保护其敏感和个人数据的人。

Currently, quantum photonic devices are being developed for secure quantum communication, whereby single photons are used to distribute an encrypted key to ensure secure information transfer by applying the laws of quantum physics. However, sending single photons over long distances is extremely challenging since photons get lost in data transmission by being absorbed in optical fibers via classical communication channels. Due to this transmission loss, quantum information can only be distributed over relatively short distances, between nearby cities. To extend the distance that secure quantum information can travel, to thousands of kilometers, new quantum photonic device technologies are needed. In addition, since it is not possible to amplify quantum signals in the same manner as classical signals, a quantum repeater (a device that repeats a quantum signal) is the most realistic device to achieve long distance quantum communication. Secure distribution of quantum information over longer distances will impact government, military, banking institutions, businesses and everyone who needs to safeguard their sensitive and personal data.