Computational Models For Surgical Navigation

这项研究计划可以简单地概括为对以下问题的答案的追求：“计算机科学如何提高外科医生对人体的理解？数学建模和虚拟现实可以为生物体建模提供工具，预测拟议变化的结果，并指导外科医生进行这些改变;在骨科中，我们发现图像，运动和制造组件在先进的外科手术中常规结合。这项工作将利用申请人在计算方面的专业知识和相当丰富的手术经验，提供新的理论结果和实施，这将直接改善加拿大人的健康。这将首先通过将计算机技术集成到北美第一个手术室中来实现，该手术室拥有3D X射线扫描仪和手术器械的3D跟踪器。这部分研究的目标是为外科医生提供一种快速、极其准确的方法，对通常使用当前外科技术不可见和/或无法接近的解剖区域进行手术。这部分研究的第二部分将开发描述复杂形状的计算模型，主要是骨骼。这将带来数学描述，从物理学中的广义相对论等领域，到髋关节等身体部位。这些模型将改善外科医生了解人体的方式，计划外科手术以纠正关节炎等高度流行的疾病，并改善术前和术后治疗，如物理治疗。如果研究结果得以实现，那么加拿大人将通过对影响我们大部分老龄人口的关节疾病进行个性化分析和治疗，享受更高的生活质量。

This research program can be summarized simply as the pursuit of answer to the question: "How can computer science improve a surgeon's understanding of the human body?''Mathematical modeling and virtual reality can provide tools for modeling organisms, predicting outcomes of proposed changes, and guiding a surgeon in making these changes; in orthopedics we find that images, motion and manufactured components are routinely combined in advanced surgical procedures. This work will use the applicant's expertise in computing, and considerable experience in surgery, to give new theoretical results and implementations that will directly improve the health of Canadians. This will be done, first, by integrating computer technology into North America's first operating room to have both 3D X-ray scanners and 3D trackers for surgical instruments. The goal of this part of the research is to provide surgeons with fast, extremely accurate ways of operating on anatomical regions that are normally invisible and/or inaccessible using current surgical techniques.The second part of this research will develop computational models to describe complex shapes, mainly of skeletal bones. This will bring mathematical descriptions, from areas such as General Relativity in physics, to body parts such as the hip joint. These models will improve the ways that surgeons understand the human body, plan surgical procedures to correct highly prevalent diseases such as joint arthritis, and improve preoperative and postoperative treatments such as physiotherapy. If the research results are achieved then Canadians will enjoy greater quality of life from individualized analysis and treatment of joint diseases that affect a large proportion of our aging population.