Innovative technology development approaches for organic removal in water treatment

混凝法是饮用水处理中最常用的去除溶解性有机碳（DOC）的单元操作。然而，该方法已被证明在去除与消毒副产物（DBP）的形成有关的天然有机物（NOM）的大部分小分子量和亲水部分方面具有局限性，并且导致产生大量需要进一步处理和最终处置的污泥。地表水DOC和色度水平升高是加拿大许多自来水公司面临的共同问题。与高强度降雨或融雪期有关的有机负荷的额外峰值可能导致处理厂内的一些操作问题。特别是，在冬季有机负荷高或地表水温度较低的条件下，处理厂的性能会迅速恶化，形成脆弱且易于破碎的絮凝物，导致沉降不良和絮凝物残留。有必要调查有机物含量升高的沃茨对传统和替代处理工艺的影响，以更好地了解絮凝物降解的倾向，并为有机物的去除途径提供框架。本研究计划的总体目标是开发一个更好的理解和方法，以去除天然有机物（NOM）使用物理/化学去除技术。NOM去除和最佳絮凝体特性在有机负荷升高的创新设计方法将进行研究，以确定在何种条件下，传统和替代工艺适用于治疗。随着DBP法规变得越来越严格，饮用水处理中NOM的去除变得越来越重要。同样，加拿大理事会环境部长理事会（CCME）根据《加拿大城市污水溢流综合管理战略》（CSO）制定的标准将要求采用新的占地面积小、固体清除率高的系统。这项研究将解决水处理行业中出现的这些问题。

Coagulation remains the most commonly used unit operation for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal in drinking water treatment. However, this process has been shown to have limitations in terms of removing large proportions of small molecular weight and hydrophilic fraction of natural organic matter (NOM) that has been linked to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), and results in the generation of large volumes of sludge which require further processing and ultimate disposal. The occurrence of elevated DOC and color levels in surface water is a common problem faced by many water utilities in Canada. Additional spikes in organic loading linked to periods of high intensity rainfall or snow melt can lead to a number of operational problems within the treatment plant. In particular, under conditions of high organic loading or colder surface water temperatures typical in winter months, the performance of treatment plants can rapidly deteriorate with the formation of weak and easy to break flocs, leading to poor settling and floc carryover. There is a need to investigate the impact of elevated organic content waters on conventional and alternative treatment processes, to gain a better understanding of propensity for floc degradation and provide framework for the removal pathways of organic matter. The overall objective of this research program will be to develop an improved understanding and approach to the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) using physical/chemical removal technologies. Innovative design approaches for NOM removal and optimum floc characteristics at elevated organic loads will be investigated to identify conditions under which conventional and alternative processes are suitable for use in treatment. The removal of NOM in drinking water treatment is becoming increasingly more important as DBP regulations become more stringent. Similarly, the Canada Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) standards under the Canada-wide Strategy for the Management of Municipal Wastewater for combined sewer overflows (CSO) will require new small footprint, high-rate solids removal systems. This study will address these emerging issues within the water treatment sectors.