Decision support for urban water management - models development

维护和更新上个世纪建造的城市水基础设施将需要巨大的努力和支出，仅在美国估计就超过2000亿美元。城市综合水系统管理措施的制定涉及到对未来不确定条件的长期规划，需要采取适应性强的分析方法，以适应各种可能的条件。除了城市水资源管理者和决策者面临的社会经济和气候不确定性之外，人们对城市排水基础设施可持续性的认识不断提高，导致在新技术、城市水回收和再利用以及系统分散化方面的概念转变。这些因素的结合提出了许多问题，现有的城市水系统将如何在未来的转变，并提出了需要新的系统评估tools.The本研究的目的是提供必要的建模工具，可用于开发强大的和适应性强的管理策略，综合城市水系统。更具体地说，将开发以下方法：以网格为基础的水文建模方法，其中纳入遥感信息，以便利对小规模、分散式雨水管理技术的评价;排水系统中水流和污染物路线的快速模型;以及优化一整套水再利用备选办法的方法。这些工具在真实的城市供水系统中的应用将为强有力的长期规划和设计准则提供急需的指导。从长远来看，所开发的工具将与数学优化算法结合使用，形成一个基于风险的综合城市供水系统优化规划的决策支持系统。

Maintenance and renewal of the urban water infrastructure constructed over the last century will require enormous efforts and expenditures, estimated at over $200 billion in the US alone. The development of management measures for integrated urban water systems (IUWS) involves long-term planning for uncertain future conditions, requiring adaptive and robust analytical approaches that can accommodate a wide range of possible conditions. In addition to socio-economic and climatic uncertainties facing urban water managers and policy makers, increased awareness of sustainability of urban drainage infrastructure has lead to conceptual shifts in the direction of new technologies, urban water recovery and reuse, and system decentralization. The combination of these considerations raises numerous questions on how the existing urban water systems will transform in the future, and presents the need for new system evaluation tools.The aim of this research is to provide the necessary modeling tools that can be used in developing robust and adaptable management strategies for integrated urban water systems. More specifically, the following methodologies will be developed: grid-based hydrological modelling approaches that incorporate remote sensing information to facilitate evaluation of small scale, decentralized stormwater management technologies, rapid models for routing of flows and pollutants in drainage systems, and a methodology for optimizing a complete range of water reuse options. The application of these tools on real urban water systems will provide the much needed guidance for robust long-term planning and design guidelines. In the longer term, the developed tools will be used in conjunction with mathematical optimization algorithms to form a decision support system for risk-based optimal planning of integrated urban water systems.