Crown gall disease of grapevines: quantification of agrobacterium vitis in vineyard soil

葡萄根癌葡萄属是寒地葡萄栽培中的一种重要病害，由葡萄根癌农杆菌引起。该病害在奥卡诺根葡萄园中频繁发生，限制了葡萄的产量和葡萄园的寿命。病原菌通过感染的葡萄藤苗木或种植在含有A的土壤中的感染健康葡萄传播。葡萄属由于冬季冰冻或机械伤害而造成的葡萄藤树干或手杖上的伤口会导致虫瘿的产生。在我们早期的Engage基金资助的研究中，我们开发了一种快速灵敏的方案来量化A。葡萄在葡萄藤苗圃中的葡萄。这使我们能够筛选葡萄种植到葡萄园之前已被葡萄产业购买的葡萄藤。为防止健康家畜感染A.葡萄属驻留在土壤中，一个协议来量化A.迫切需要葡萄属土种群。在这里，我们建议扩展现有的协议来量化A。来自原生和葡萄园土壤的葡萄属。我们还将确定A的阈值浓度。在温室实验中，葡萄在土壤中的生长将导致冠瘿病的发展。这将为种植者提供有价值的信息，以确定新葡萄园建立时的感染风险。我们的方案将成为今后开发冠瘿病生物防治的基础。

Agrobacterium vitis is the causal agent of grapevine crown gall, an economically important disease in coldclimate viticulture regions. The disease occurs frequently in Okanagan vineyards and limits grape productionand lifespan of vineyards. The pathogen spreads either through infected grapevine nursery stock or infectshealthy grapevines planted in soil harbouring A. vitis. Wounds in the grapevine trunk or canes due to winterfreezing or mechanical injuries lead to the development of galls. In our earlier Engage grant-funded study wedeveloped a rapid and sensitive protocol to quantify A. vitis in grapevine nursery stock. This allows us toscreen grapevines that have been purchased by the grape industry before planting into a vineyard. To preventinfection of healthy stock from A. vitis residing in soil, a protocol to quantify the A. vitis soil population isurgently needed. Here we propose to expand the existing protocol to quantify A. vitis from virgin and vineyardsoil. We will also determine the threshold concentration of A. vitis in soil that will result in the development ofcrown gall disease in a greenhouse experiment. This will lead to valuable information for growers to determinethe risk of infection when a new vineyard is established. Our protocols will form the basis for the developmentof a biocontrol for crown gall disease in future projects.