Reactive transport modeling of geology, quarrying, mining, and geological hazards

马尼托巴湖以西的上阿马兰斯组中的石膏矿床是众所周知的，并且已经被利用了几十年。然而，当石膏与水接触时，它很容易溶解，丰富了土壤和地下水，但实际上可以在石膏层中产生洞。随着石膏地下孔洞尺寸的增加，稳定上覆土层的能力降低，从而形成天坑，破坏基础设施.由于石膏溶解的天坑可以在加拿大和世界各地发现，例如美国密歇根州MB的Alonsa RM和德国的Asse-Heeseberg Ridge。该模型将被用来预测的地区，容易天坑发展利用三维反应运输模型的浅层地层。技术转让的关键是将反应动力学纳入三维运输模型。这种建模是尖端技术，将允许行业合作伙伴Stantec扩展到地质，采石，采矿和地质灾害的反应性运输建模。这将使他们能够开发更复杂的模型，能够更好地保护环境，并使Stantec能够竞标更多的项目。

Gypsum deposits are well known in the Upper Amaranth Formation, west of Lake Manitoba and have beenused for several decades. However, gypsum readily dissolves when it comes in contact with water, enrichingthe soil and groundwater but literally can create holes in the gypsum formation. With increasing size of thesubsurface holes in the gypsum the ability to stabilize the overlying soil layer reduces so that sinkholes canform damaging the infrastructure. Sinkholes due to gypsum dissolution can be found in Canada and worldwide,e.g. RM of Alonsa, MB, Michigan, USA, and Asse-Heeseberg Ridge, Germany.In this proposed research, the main objective is to develop a geochemical model to estimate gypsumdissolution rates in the RM of Alonsa. The model will be used to predict areas which are prone to sinkholedevelopment utilizing three-dimensional reactive transport modeling of the shallow formations. The key totechnology transfer is the integration of reaction kinetics into a three-dimensional transport model. This kindof modeling is cutting-edge technology and will allow the industry partner Stantec to expand into reactivetransport modeling of geology, quarrying, mining, and geological hazards. This will allow them to developmore sophisticated models which are able to better protection the environment and which will allow Stantec tobid on more projects.