Supernova Astrophysics

超新星爆炸是宇宙中能量最大的爆炸之一。它们为星际介质提供能量，用构成我们的元素丰富我们的银河系，并留下一些最奇特的（中子）恒星和宇宙中最强的磁铁。同样，它们的残骸，被称为超新星遗迹（SNRs），被认为可以将宇宙射线加速到非常高的能量（~1000 TeV）。因此，SNRs为天体物理实验室提供了研究极端物理学以及重元素和高能宇宙射线起源的机会。这项研究旨在通过进行多波长观测（重点是X射线能量）来研究信噪比，此外还进行建模和最先进的数值模拟，以回答与中子星及其星云（高度磁化中子星的前身）不断增长的“动物园”以及超新星冲击时的粒子加速有关的关键问题。我们还正在开发一个最先进的X射线光谱拟合包，以模拟天体物理源，并提供给全世界的X射线界。

Supernova explosions are among the most energetic explosions in the Universe. They energize the interstellar medium, enrich our Galaxy with the elements we are made of, and leave behind some of the most exotic (neutron) stars and the strongest magnets in the Universe. As well, their remnants, known as supernova remnants (SNRs), are believed to accelerate cosmic rays to very high (~1000 TeV) energies. Therefore, SNRs offer the chance for an astrophysical laboratory to study the physics of the extreme, and the origin of heavy elements and high-energy cosmic rays. This research is aimed at studying SNRs by conducting multi-wavelength observations (with focus on X-ray energies), in addition to performing modelling and state-of-the-art numerical simulations, to answer critical questions related to the growing "zoo" of neutron stars and their nebulae, the progenitors of highly magnetized neutron stars, and particle acceleration at supernova shocks. We are also developing a state-of-the-art X-ray spectral fitting package to model astrophysical sources and to be made available to the X-ray community worldwide.