Investigation of wind turbine faults caused by icing in the Canadian climate

大气结冰的存在极大地影响了风力涡轮机的性能，主要是因为**大气结冰改变了叶片的气动外形。没有配备防冰系统的涡轮机的结冰效果通常会持续更长时间，因为即使结冰事件结束，叶片上的结冰仍然存在。风力涡轮机结冰的主要结果是工厂停产和/或减少电力输出，这可能会影响项目的**经济。然而，大气结冰也会导致其他后果，如振动、**噪音、超载和超速。当超速是由结冰引起的时，停止涡轮机，从而增加功率损失似乎是合理的行动。然而，一些业主对导致涡轮机超速的原因感到担忧，特别是在保修可用性问题上。有时，涡轮机制造商试图将某些涡轮机供应不足归咎于天气条件(如结冰)。到目前为止，还没有**普遍采用的方法来确定在寒冷气候下运行的涡轮机的可用性。Capstone**Power Corporation是全国多个风力发电场的所有者和运营商，该公司有兴趣**调查结冰对风力涡轮机性能的影响，特别是结冰事件与超速故障之间的关系。

The presence of atmospheric icing greatly affects the performance of wind turbines mainly because**atmospheric icing alters the aerodynamic profile of the blades. Icing effects on turbines not equipped with ice**prevention systems are often longer since ice on the blades persists even though the icing event is over. The**main outcomes of icing on wind turbines are plant stoppage and/or reduce power output which can impact the**economics of a project. However, atmospheric icing can also lead to other consequences such as vibration,**noise, overload and overspeed. When overspeeding is caused by icing, stopping the turbine, thus increasing the**power losses may seem a justified action. However, some owners are concerned by the reason causing**overspeeding of the turbines especially for warranty availability issues. At times, turbine manufacturers are**trying to blame the lack of availability of some turbines on weather conditions (e.g. icing). As of now, there is**no commonly adopted methodology to ascertain the availability of turbines operated in cold climate. Capstone**Power Corporation, owner and operator of several wind farms throughout the country, is interested in**investigating the effect of icing on wind turbine behavior, particularly on the relation between icing**occurrences and overspeeding faults.