Dynamical Regulation in Physiological Systems

许多生理现象都表现出复杂的波动。这种变异性可以是个体*健康的指标，例如心率、睡眠-觉醒周期的波动或胃肠轨迹的平滑肌收缩*。近年来，将*生理系统的实验研究与生理动力学的理论模型相结合的研究为一些心脏和血液疾病的机制提供了新的见解。进行适当的实验需要*极大的谨慎和精确度，以获得足够详细的数据，以便与理论观察进行比较*理论观察又提出了新的理论(建模)方法。*对于下面的系统，我们将开发数学模型，以便*表示法足够简化，以便对系统作为一个整体有重要的了解，但又足够复杂，可以包含生理学的所有基本组成部分。*1)循环血细胞的调节是一个复杂的生化系统。我们研究了主要调节蛋白促红细胞生成素(EPO)在反馈机制中的影响，将红细胞数量(将氧气输送到所有组织和器官)维持在适当的水平；我们还探讨了这些细胞与主要控制其他类型的循环血细胞(主要是负责防止出血的血小板)的系统之间的相互作用。*2)世界卫生组织(WHO)将新出现的人畜共患病定义为从动物传播给人类的疾病，这些疾病是新发现的或新进化的，或以前发生过但发病率增加或在地理、宿主或媒介范围内扩大的疾病。随着参与这些疾病传播的一些物种栖息地的改变，人们对了解它们的传播机制重新产生了兴趣。我们将研究这样一种蚊媒疾病--登革热(DF)的数学模型，试图了解不同菌株登革热的多重暴露的动态。

Many physiological phenomena show complex fluctuations. This variability can be an index of the***health of the individual, as in the case of the heart rate, fluctuations in sleep-wake cycle or smooth muscle***contractions in the gastro-intestinal track. In recent years, research combining experimental studies of***physiological systems with theoretical models of physiological dynamics has provided new insight into the mechanisms responsible for some cardiac and hematological disorders. Carrying out the appropriate experiments requires***great care and precision in order to obtain data sufficiently detailed to be compared with theoretical observations***which in turn suggest new theoretical (modeling) approaches.***For the following systems, we will be developing mathematical models thriving for a***representation that is simplified enough to allow for significant understanding of the system as a***whole, yet is complex enough to incorporate all the fundamental components of the physiology.***1) The regulation of the circulating blood cells is a complex biochemical system. We study the***influence of the main regulatory protein, erythropoietin (EPO), in the feedback mechanism maintaining the number of red blood cells (which carry oxygen to all tissues and organs) at an appropriate level; we also explore the interactions of these cells with systems predominantly controlling the regulation of the other types of circulating blood cells (mainly platelets, which are responsible for the prevention of bleeding).***2) Emerging zoonotic diseases are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as diseases transmitted from animals to men "that are newly recognized or newly evolved, or that have occurred previously but show an increase in incidence or expansion in geographical, host or vector range". With modifications in the habitat of a number of species involved in the transmission of these diseases, there is renewed interest in understanding their propagation mechanisms. We shall investigate mathematical models for such a mosquito-borne disease, Dengue Fever (DF), trying to understand the dynamics of multiple expositions to different strains of DF.