Design of a reconfigurable receiver front-end for spectrum sensing****

随着人工智能技术的广泛进步，无线频谱正在被远程平台之间传输的各种信号所填充。特别是，无人机可以利用不同的频谱波段与指挥所以及彼此之间进行通信。无人机经常使用ISM频段，因为频谱是自由的，而且频段具有不同的传播和干扰特性，可以服务于不同的应用。在这个项目中，客户希望改善其反无人机产品和服务。对于监视和保护来说，监测远程设备的活动是最重要的，在这项工作中提出了频谱传感。为此目的，将开发一种低成本、低复杂性的软件定义无线电，以感知和干扰五个标准ISM频段的活动。收发器将具有针对来自不同兴趣方向的信号的能力。实现这一目标的主要挑战之一是宽带前端的设计，该前端可以在宽频率范围内感知和传输感兴趣的信号。该项目的具体目标是定义一种天线阵列结构，以提供角度选择性，并开发一种低复杂性的多频段射频前端，可以瞄准距离传感器4公里远的信号。在项目结束时，将对小型宽带前端架构进行建模和文档化。此外，前端链的性能将在室外环境的现实条件下进行测试。* * * * * *

With the widespread advancement in artificial intelligence technology, the wireless spectrum is being populated with various signals that are transmitted between remote platforms. In particular, drones can utilize different spectral bands to communicate with command posts and between each other. The ISM bands are often utilized by the drones because the spectrum is free and the bands can serve different applications, because they have different propagation and interference characteristics. In this project, the client is seeking to improve its anti-drone products and services. For surveillance and protection, it is of prime interest to monitor the activity of the remote devices, and in this work spectrum sensing is proposed. For this purpose, a low-cost low-complexity software defined radio will be developed to sense and disrupt activity in the five standard ISM bands. The transceiver will have the capability to target signals coming from different directions of interest. One of the major challenges to achieve this, is the design of a wideband front-end that can sense and transmit signals of interest over a wide frequency range. The specific objectives of the project are to define an antenna array structure to provide angular selectivity, and to develop a low-complexity multi-band RF front-end that can target signals transmitted from as long as 4 km away from the sensor. At the end of the project, a small form factor, wideband front-end architecture will be modelled, and documented. Also, the performance of the front-end chain will be tested in realistic conditions, in an outdoor environment. ******