New Transistor Model for Transition from Moderate to Strong Inversion and it's Applications for Design of CMOS Integrated Circuits with Fast Load and Supply Transients

所提出的研究的实际方面包括对电源管理系统模块的设计提出建议，以提供对瞬时负载和快速电源瞬态的快速响应。研究结果将适用于先进的移动计算机终端、医疗和环境传感器以及汽车仪表设备等领域。*** MOS晶体管根据称为“反转”的条件提供电流。弱反转和中等反转提供低电流，强反转意味着在高电流下运行。适度反转是低功耗模拟电路设计中越来越重要的领域。弱反转的定义是指当栅极-源电压小于阈值电压时，MOS晶体管工作在弱反转状态。这意味着对于栅极源电压大于阈值电压的晶体管开始在中等反转中工作。随着栅源电压的进一步增大，晶体管进入强反转状态。然而，没有一个晶体管漏极电流在中等反转下工作的简单模型。从所谓的“调和”模型开始，该提案的作者能够提供这个模型，它可以更好地控制从中等反转到强反转的过渡。***应用该模型设计和研究各种电路：放大器、稳压器和参考电压是项目的第一个目标。现代的趋势是在两种不同的工作模式下使用集成电路。在第一种模式下，电路没有负载，它本身应该消耗尽可能少的功率。在第二种模式下，电路应向负载提供电源。当电路不供电时，晶体管应在弱反转或中等反转中工作。当负载被施加时，晶体管应该在强反转中几乎立即开始工作。这尤其适用于电源管理电子系统中的电路。***所提出的模型适用于设计具有瞬时加载和卸载瞬态的快速响应电路。开发这种电路的复合体是该项目的第二个目标。***负载和功率瞬态通常都需要快速响应。对快速电力瞬变的设计研究不够；当施加电源电压时，用于此目的的方法甚至可能破坏电路的运行。在电源暂态过程中，可能会出现不理想的工作点。它们发生的机制尚不清楚。***第三个项目目标是深入研究这些复杂瞬变中这些点的出现并开发消除它们的方法。综上所述，本提案将在新的晶体管模型的基础上，开发和研究具有快速负载和功率瞬变的电路及其设计方法，并提出其可靠运行的建议。

The practical side of the proposed research consists of recommendations for design of power management system blocks providing fast response for instant loads and fast power supply transients. The results will be applicable in the areas of advanced mobile computer terminals, medical and environmental sensors, and automotive instrumentation equipment.***A MOS transistor supplies the current depending on the condition which is called “inversion”. The weak and moderate inversions provide low currents, the strong inversion means operation at high currents. Moderate inversion is increasingly important region for low power analog circuit design. The definition of weak inversion says that a MOS transistor operates in weak inversion if the gate-source voltage is less than the threshold voltage. This means that for the gate-source voltage larger than the threshold voltage transistor starts to operate in moderate inversion. With further increase of the gate-source voltage the transistor enters strong inversion. Yet a simple model of the transistor drain current operating in moderate inversion was absent. Starting from the so-called “reconciliation” model the author of the proposal was able to provide this model which allows a better control for transition from moderate to strong inversion. ***The application of this model for design and investigation of wide range of circuits: amplifiers, voltage regulators and voltage references is the first project goal.***The modern tendency is to use integrated circuits in two distinct modes of operation. In the first mode the circuit is not loaded and should itself consume as less power as possible. In the second mode the circuit should provide power to the load. When the circuit does not supply power the transistors should operate in weak or moderate inversion. When the load is applied the transistors should start to work nearly instantly in strong inversion. This is especially valid for the circuits in power management electronic systems.***The proposed model is suitable for design of fast-responding circuits with practically instant load-on and load-off transients. Developing a complex of such circuits is the second project goal.***The fast response is usually required for both load and power transients. The design for fast power transients is not sufficiently investigated; the methods used for this purpose may even destroy the circuit operation when the supply voltage is applied. During the power transients, the undesirable operation points may occur. The mechanisms of their occurrences are not clear.***The third project goal is to profoundly investigate the occurrence of such points in these complex transients and develop methods for their elimination.***In summary, the proposal will develop and investigate, on the basis of new transistor model, the circuits with fast load and power transients, methods of their design, and give recommendations for their reliable operation.