Advanced masonry work systems analysis

本研究旨在通过使用先进的分析技术和工具来分析砌体工作系统，提高石匠的生产力，安全和健康。砌体工作系统被定义为在建筑工地上使用的人员，流程，工具，设备和材料的组合，以使砌体设计到位。由于材料、设计和自动化的进步，这些系统经历了创新的激增。泥瓦匠仍然处于这些系统的中心，他们受到砌筑工作的极端体力要求的约束。在正常的工作条件下，这些需求会导致严重的肌肉骨骼疾病（MSDs）。这种疾病的治疗费用昂贵，扰乱生活，并经常导致工人离开该行业。通过以下方面的进步，工人肌肉骨骼压力和生产力的分析在工作现场环境中变得更加容易和便宜：(1)惯性运动单元（IMU）套装和数据分析系统，(2)视频记录和机器视觉系统，(3)可穿戴心率监测器。使用这些工具，记录了20个泥瓦匠建造一个由50个15公斤的混凝土砌体单元组成的标准墙，从而形成一个数据库，该数据库将用于启动分析研究，以客观地识别和量化在各种环境和砌体工作系统中，在生产力、安全和健康方面的理想和不理想的泥瓦匠行为。为此，加拿大混凝土砌体生产商协会、加拿大砌体设计中心和两个工程部门建立了独特的合作关系。这一合作和多学科研究工作的结果将对加拿大泥瓦匠的生产力、安全和健康产生重大影响，从而确保该行业的健康。更广泛的科学贡献将包括改进评估未来建筑工作系统对人类影响的工具和分析技术。

This research seeks to improve the productivity, safety and health of masons by using advanced analytical techniques and tools to analyze masonry work systems. A masonry work system is defined as the combination of people, processes, tools, equipment and materials used on a construction site to put a masonry design in place. Such systems have experienced a surge in innovation due to advances in materials, design and automation. Masons, who remain at the center of these systems, are subject to the extreme physical demands of masonry. Under normal work conditions those demands can result in significant musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Such disorders are expensive to treat, disrupt lives, and often result in departure of workers from the industry. Analysis of worker musculoskeletal stresses and of productivity has become radically easier and less expensive to conduct in work-site environments through advances in: (1) IMU (inertial motion unit) suits and data analysis systems, (2) video recording and machine vision systems, and (3) wearable heart rate monitors. Using these tools, twenty masons were each recorded building a standard wall made of fifty 15kg concrete masonry units, resulting in a database that will serve to initiate analytical studies to objectively identify and quantify desirable and undesirable mason actions in terms of productivity, safety, and health, within a variety of environments and masonry work systems. To do this, a unique collaboration among the Canadian Concrete Masonry Producers Association, the Canadian Masonry Design Center, and two engineering departments has been established. Results of this collaborative and multidisciplinary research effort should substantially impact the productivity, safety and health of masons in Canada, thus ensuring the health of the industry. Broader scientific contributions will include improved tools and analytical techniques for assessing the human impact of future construction work systems.