Models and Mechanisms for Programming Interactions in Concurrent Systems

尽管今天的程序员比以往任何时候都更容易使用并发编程，但是进程之间交互的编程仍然具有挑战性。这些互动可以是竞争性的，也可以是合作性的。这些交互问题的编程通常与单个流程的功能编程混合在一起。建议的工作将建立正式的模型和机制，以支持并发系统中的交互编程。******在最近的过去，我们已经解决了计算之间资源竞争交互的问题。基于我的CyberOrgs模型，我们开发了细粒度的机制来协调计算对自有资源的访问。这些机制已被用于支持截止日期保证、多核处理器中的功率效率，以及为大小不一致的任务提供更好的负载平衡。一般方法也适用于更广泛的情况，例如使多媒体观众能够协商广告商是否能吸引他们的注意力，或使电子邮件用户能够协商进入他们的邮箱。******最近，我们还讨论了协作交互。在一项工作中，我们确定了众包应用程序的关键机制，这些应用程序基于从“人群”收集的数据提供服务。在中间件中对这些机制进行原型设计之后，这大大减少了开发新应用程序所涉及的工作量，我们现在正式研究这些应用程序的重要属性，并将我们的结果推广到更广泛的基于移动分布式传感的应用程序中。******同时，我们还研究了复杂的进程间通信。尽管分离这些关注点的工作越来越多，但现有的解决方案创建了静态结构来支持协议，这些协议支持所需的交互和/或限制不需要的交互。相比之下，我们采用的方法是拥有一流的、自驾车的、动态发展的通信，这些通信是可重用和可组合的。******这个研究项目为培养高素质的专业人员提供了很多机会。过去的毕业生在工业界和学术界都找到了出色的职位。学生将学习编程并行和分布式系统的前沿方法，特别是使用基于并发编程中越来越有影响力的Actor模型的语言和库。******分离通信关注点的工作有望简化复杂通信的编程，并使通信代码可重用。众包应用程序的解决方案可以使新服务的创建民主化。这些领域中的资源协调工作将使通信和服务机制能够作为服务提供。在Scala等语言中开发对资源协调的支持将使大量程序员能够使用它们。

Although concurrent programming is more accessible to programmers today than ever, programming of interactions between processes continues to be challenging. These interactions can be competitive or collaborative. The programming of these interaction concerns is often intermixed with the programming of the functions of individual processes. Proposed work will build formal models and mechanisms to support programming of interactions in concurrent systems.******In the recent past, we have addressed the problem of resource-competitive interactions between computations. We have developed fine-grained mechanisms -- based on my CyberOrgs model -- for coordinating computations' access to owned resources. These mechanisms have been used for supporting deadline assurance, for power-efficiency in multi-core processors, and for superior load-balancing for non-uniformly sized tasks. The general approach was also applied to broader contexts, such as for enabling multimedia viewers to negotiate advertisers' access to their attention, or users of email to negotiate access to their mailboxes.******Most recently, we have also addressed collaborative interactions. In one effort, we identified key mechanisms underlying crowd-sourced applications, which offer services based on data collected from a "crowd." After prototyping these mechanisms in a middleware, which significantly reduced the effort involved in developing new applications, we are now formally studying important properties of such applications, and generalizing our results to the wider class of mobile distributed sensing-based applications.******In parallel, we have studied complex inter-process communications. Although there is a growing body of work to separate these concerns, existing solutions create static structures to support protocols which enable desired interactions and/or restrict undesired ones. In contrast, the approach we take is to have first-class, self-driving, dynamically evolving communications, which are reusable and composable. ******This research program presents many opportunities for training of highly qualified professionals. Past graduates have found excellent positions in both industry and academia. Students will learn cutting-edge approaches for programming parallel and distributed systems, and particularly using languages and libraries based on the increasingly influential Actor model of concurrent programming.******The work on separating communication concerns promises to ease the programming of complex communications, and make communication code reusable. The solutions for crowd-sourced applications can democratize the creation of new services. Resource coordination work in these domains will enable provision of communication and service mechanisms as services. Developing support for resource coordination in languages like Scala will make them available to a large number of programmers.