Design, Analysis, and Coordination Control of Microgrids to Enhance the Resilience of Electrical Power Grids

我们都清楚地记得今年9月初飓风“厄玛”给佛罗里达带来的破坏，以及8月底飓风“哈维”给休斯顿带来的破坏。哥伦比亚广播公司新闻-飓风哈维登陆后，周六早些时候，德克萨斯州有超过25万用户断电。截至美国东部时间下午3点（2017年8月26日），公用事业公司报告停电影响超过336,000名客户。******然而，一个有趣的故事引起了人们的注意：“电力杂志-微电网系统使休斯顿杂货店在哈维之后保持营业（2017年8月29日）。”******我们还在新闻中读到，“2015年12月，乌克兰发生大规模网络攻击，近25万人停电1至6小时。******可再生和可持续能源评论写道（2017年5月8日）：“分布式微电网技术可以保护军事基地的电网，以减少网络攻击、恐怖分子的物理攻击和自然灾害的影响。”******这些标题突出了两个重要问题：(1)我们如何使我们的电力系统更能适应极端事件，如飓风或网络攻击？(2)在这些情况下，我们如何使用微电网技术来增加我们电力系统的弹性？******本研究计划的重点是通过创新使用微电网技术来解决上述问题。******微电网到底是什么？微电网是一组相互连接的负载和分布式能源，在明确定义的电气边界内，就电网而言，它是一个单一的可控实体。微电网可以与电网连接或断开，使其能够以并网或孤岛模式运行。(美国能源部)。******拟议的研究建立在申请人在微电网，容错控制以及工程系统的安全性和可靠性领域的多年经验之上，以解决微电网设计，分析和测试方面的挑战，以增加电力系统在极端情况下的弹性。由于微电网可以与电网连接和断开，因此即使在主电网遭受大范围中断的情况下，它们也可以为局部关键负载提供急需的电力。本研究的创新包括有效识别向关键负载输送电力的潜在路径，实现相间或多个微电网之间的受控电力传输，以及在快速发作的全电网中断期间对多个微电网的协调控制。******因此，拟议的研究与防御和安全目标领域对网络攻击的内在弹性密切相关。利用开发的技术，我们可以在发生网络攻击时支持关键基础设施和军事行动。******拟议的研究将培训7名hqp。

We all vividly remember the devastation that Hurricane Irma brought to Florida in early September and Hurricane Harvey to Houston in late August of this year. The storms knocked down power lines, destroyed distribution sub-stations, and left millions of residents and businesses without power for weeks:***"CBS News - More than a quarter-million customers are without power in Texas early Saturday after Hurricane Harvey made landfall. Utilities are reporting outages affecting more than 336,000 customers as of 3 p.m. ET. (August 26, 2017)."******However, an interesting story has drawn attention: “POWER Magazine — Microgrid System Keeps Houston Grocery Stores Open in Wake of Harvey (Aug. 29, 2017).”******We have also read in the news that “On December 2015, a massive cyber attack in Ukraine left nearly a quarter-million people without power for a period from 1 to 6 hours.”******Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews writes (May 8, 2017): “Distributed microgrid tech can secure the electrical grids at military bases to reduce the impact of cyberattacks, physical attacks from terrorists and natural disasters.”******These headlines highlight two important issues: (1) How can we make our power system more resilient to extreme events, such as hurricanes or cyber attacks? and (2) how can we use microgrid technology to increase the resilience of our power system in these situations?******The focus of this research proposal is to address the above questions through the innovative use of microgrid technologies.******What exactly is a microgrid? A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources, within clearly defined electrical boundaries, that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in either grid-connected or island-mode. (US DOE).******The proposed research builds upon many years of experience of the applicant in the areas of microgrids, fault-tolerant control, and safety and reliability of engineering systems to address challenges in design, analysis, and testing of microgrids to increase the resilience of the power system under extreme circumstances. Since microgrids can connect and disconnect from the grid, they can provide much needed power to localized critical loads, even when the main grid has suffered wide-spread disruptions. The innovations of this research include effective identification of potential paths to deliver power to critical loads, enabling of controlled power transfers between phases or among multiple microgrids, and coordinative control of multiple microgrids during rapid onset grid-wide disruptions.******Thus, the proposed research relates very closely to Defence and Security Target Areas on Intrinsic Resiliency to Cyber-Attack. Using the techniques developed, we can support critical infrastructure and military operations in the event of a cyberattack.******The proposed research will train 7 HQPs.