Catalysis, Separations and New Methodologies with Ionic Liquids

在过去的几十年里，室温离子液体（RTILs）在化学应用中的应用已经获得了显著的和不同的兴趣。除了用作新型反应介质外，它们还在材料，催化和分离等方面得到了应用。rtil具有一组独特的化学和物理性质，其中一些是可调的，使它们成为有吸引力的研究目标。这些特性包括可调的液体范围、粘度、挥发性、极性和生物降解性。RTILs还具有高导电性、热稳定性和电化学稳定性以及优异的溶剂化能力。但是，如果要广泛使用rtil，则需要解决与rtil相关的许多问题。这些问题包括关注可回收化学品的整个生命周期、制造和处置、毒性、可生物降解性和成本。我们对RTIL在金属分离和催化等方面的研究感兴趣的具体应用需要充分解决与RTIL浸出，水混溶和金属结合能力相关的问题。****因此，我们的研究计划的总体主题包括开发RTILs的有用化学和物理特性，同时尽可能注意应用绿色化学原则和相关问题。它们独特的性质允许化学物质、反应物、中间体（带电和不带电）和产物在离子环境中溶剂化-潜在地赋予新的溶剂效应。因此，我们的研究项目已经发展成四个主要的兴趣领域：(1)新型离子有机催化剂的开发，可以通过在RTIL系统中使用来回收；(2)新型离子液体的设计、合成和表征，用于有机金属方法和生物质转化的替代溶剂和材料；(3)双金属和有机金属加成反应对RTIL体系的适应性；(4)功能化RTILs的发展，用于金属分离或制备可作为固定化均相催化剂易于回收的rtil -金属配合物。******

The use of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) in chemical applications has gained significant and varied interest over the last few decades. In addition to use as novel reaction media they have enjoyed applications in materials, catalysis, and separations amongst others. RTILs possess a unique set of chemical and physical properties, some of which are tuneable, making them attractive targets for investigation. Such properties include tuneable liquid range, viscosity, volatility, polarity, and biodegradability. RTILs can also have high conductivity, thermal and electrochemical stability and superior solvating ability. However, there are a number of concerns related to RTILs that need to be addressed if they are to enjoy widespread use. These include attention being given to entire life cycle, manufacture and disposal of RTILs, toxicity, biodegradability, and cost. Specific applications of RTILs of interest to our research such as in metal separations and catalysis require that issues related to RTIL leaching, water miscibility, and metal binding ability be adequately addressed.****     Hence, the overall theme of our research program involves the exploitation of the useful chemical and physical properties of RTILs while being mindful of applying Green Chemistry principles and relevant issues whenever possible. Their unique set of properties allows the solvation of chemical species, reactants, intermediates (charged and uncharged) and products in an ionic environment - potentially imparting novel solvent effects. Consequently, our research program has evolved into four main areas of interest: (1) The development of novel ionic organocatalysts that can be recycled through their use in RTIL systems.; (2) The design, synthesis, and characterization of new ionic liquids for use as alternative solvents and materials targeted toward organometallic methodology and biomass conversion.; (3) Adaptation of bimetallic and organometallic addition reactions to RTIL systems.; (4) The development of functionalized RTILs for use in metal separations or in the preparation of RTIL-metal complexes that can be easily recycled as immobilized homogeneous catalysts.******