Contributions to Building Smoke, Airflow and Thermal Management

在建筑物中，控制良好的气流将具有适当热条件的空气输送到被占用的空间，并去除污染物，从而实现安全、健康和舒适的建筑环境。因此，有必要了解气流、传热和污染物输送的联合过程。在上一项研究拨款中，申请人在楼宇气流及热管理方面的研究，主要集中于以下两个课题：a)。高层建筑烟雾管理与消防安全。高层建筑内的烟雾蔓延是一种典型的热气流现象，火灾引起的热浮力可以驱使烟雾通过垂直和水平空间迅速扩散到远离火源的地方。高层建筑火灾往往是灾难性的，因此了解高层建筑烟气的运动过程，设计可靠的高层建筑烟气控制系统具有重要意义。b)。建筑热气流管理与节能。一个管理良好的建筑气流和热系统，例如通过自然/混合通风（NV/HV）结合热能储存，被认为是实现能源效率目标的有效措施。长时间的自然自然冷却使NV/HV非常适合加拿大的气候。NV/HV和建筑热质量的设计和运行是另一个典型的热气流问题，需要对这些现象有基本的了解，并需要更好的方法和工具来优化设计和运行。******对于这项发现资助的更新，建议的研究包括三个主要任务1)。理论研究——发展暂态标度法；2）. 数值研究-进一步开发和验证多区热气流求解器；3)。应用研究-评估和优化设计和操作。一旦完成，本研究将有助于1)为进行建筑热气流的尺度实验提供一种新的通用尺度方法，用于验证建筑烟雾控制系统和自然/混合通风系统与建筑热质量相结合的设计和运行；2)一个新的公共领域多区域气流求解器，具有为设计师，顾问和研究人员建模建筑传热和污染物运输的能力，以满足他们对更快，更准确的模拟日益增长的需求；3)基于亚尺度实验和全尺寸数值模拟的高层建筑热气流研究的一系列新的现实应用和与社会分享的相关经验；4)建筑消防安全和节能的相关标准和规范，特别是高层建筑。在国家科学研究委员会发现基金的持续支持下，申请人将努力为自己的研究领域做出贡献，并在各自领域发挥加拿大的领导作用。

In buildings, a well-controlled airflow delivers air with appropriate thermal conditions to an occupied space, and removes pollutants for achieving a safe, healthy, and comfortable built environment. It is therefore essential to understand the combined process of airflow, heat transfer and pollutant transport. In the previous discovery grant, the applicant developed his research niche in building airflow and thermal management focusing on the following two topics: a). High-rise building smoke management and fire safety. The smoke spread in high-rise buildings is a typical thermal airflow phenomenon, where the fire-induced thermal buoyancy may drive the smoke to spread far away from a fire source quickly via vertical and horizontal spaces. High-rise building fires are often disastrous and it is therefore of great importance to understand smoke movement process, and design reliable smoke control systems for high-rise buildings. b). Building thermal airflow management and energy efficiency. A well-managed building airflow and thermal system, e.g. through natural/hybrid ventilation (NV/HV) combined with thermal energy storage, is considered an effective measure for achieving energy efficiency goals. Long hours of natural free cooling make NV/HV well-suited for Canadian climates. The design and operation of NV/HV and building thermal mass represent another typical thermal airflow problem requiring fundamental understanding of the phenomena, and better methods and tools for the optimal design and operation. ******For this discovery grant renewal, the proposed research includes three major tasks 1). Theoretical study – develop transient scaling method; 2). Numerical study – further develop and verify multizone thermal airflow solver; 3). Application study – evaluate and optimize designs and operations. Once completed, this research will contribute 1) a new general scaling method for conducting scaled experiments of building thermal airflow for the verification of the designs and operations of building smoke control systems, and natural/hybrid ventilation systems combined with building thermal mass; 2) a new public domain multizone airflow solver with the capabilities of modeling both building heat transfer and pollutant transport for designers, consultants and researchers to meet their increasing needs for faster and more accurate simulations; 3) a series of new real-world applications and the associated experiences to be shared with the community on high-rise building thermal airflow research based on the sub-scale experiments and full-scale numerical simulations; 4) the associated standards and codes for building fire safety and energy efficiency, especially for high-rise buildings. With the continual support from the NSERC discovery grant, the applicant will strive for contributing to his research niche areas, and the leading role of Canada in the respective field.