Chronic and prolonged, time-course impact of exercise on homeostatic appetite control

正如“你不能超越你的叉子”这句话所暗示的那样，人们普遍认为，运动后食欲和能量的摄入量会增加。运动后能量补偿的证据得到了数据的支持，数据显示长期运动对体重的影响很小。相比之下，大量研究表明，锻炼会导致食欲急剧下降。此外，研究运动补充能量摄入的研究并未表明，能量摄入的增加等同于运动引起的能量消耗。食欲下降和运动保持体重之间存在差异的确切原因仍然知之甚少。我的研究项目旨在研究锻炼对食欲控制的长期和短期影响。使用动物模型，我的实验室将评估运动训练对食欲控制信号的慢性、非重量依赖性影响。此外，考虑到肠道微生物区系和肠源性饱腹感激素之间的联系，我的实验室将研究运动诱导的肠道细菌变化是否与食欲控制信号的变化有关。由于大多数运动研究都考察了运动后立即发生的食欲变化，我的研究旨在通过在动物模型和人类参与者身上进行的一系列研究，评估有氧运动和阻力运动对食欲调节激素和能量摄入的长期、时程影响。总之，拟议的研究将有助于增加我们对运动如何影响能量平衡方程式中能量摄入方面的基本理解。随着对运动如何影响食欲的更好的理解，这项工作将为未来的研究提供信息，调查旨在优化与运动相关的新陈代谢益处的策略。

As suggested by the phrase “you cannot outrun your fork”, it is generally understood that there is an increase in appetite and energy intake following exercise. Evidence for an energy compensation' following exercise is supported by data showing minimal changes in body weight with long-term exercise. In contrast, substantial research demonstrates that exercise leads to acute reductions in appetite. Moreover, research investigating compensatory energy intake with exercise fails to show an increase in energy intake equaling exercise-induced energy expenditure. The precise reason for the discrepancy between reduced appetite and maintained body weight with exercise remains poorly understood. My research program aims to examine both the long-term and short-term impacts of exercise on appetite control. Using an animal model, my lab will assess the chronic, weight independent impacts of exercise training on appetite control signals. Furthermore, given the link between gut microbiota and gut-derived satiety hormones, my lab will examine whether exercise-induced changes in gut bacteria are associated with changes in appetite control signaling. With most exercise studies examining the changes in appetite that occur in the immediate post-exercise period, my research aims to assess the prolonged, time-course impacts of aerobic and resistance exercise on appetite-regulating hormones and energy intake using a series of studies in an animal model and human participants. Together, the proposed studies will help to increase our fundamental understanding of how exercise impacts the energy intake' side of the energy balance equation. With a better understanding of how exercise affects appetite, this work will inform future research investigating strategies aimed at optimizing the metabolic benefits associated with exercise.