Design, Analysis, and Coordination Control of Microgrids to Enhance the Resilience of Electrical Power Grids

我们都清楚地记得今年9月初伊尔玛飓风给佛罗里达州带来的破坏和8月底哈维飓风给休斯顿带来的破坏。风暴摧毁了输电线，摧毁了配电所，导致数百万居民和企业断电数周：*哥伦比亚广播公司新闻-飓风哈维登陆后，超过25万用户周六凌晨在德克萨斯州断电。公用事业公司报告称，截至下午3点，有超过33.6万名客户受到停电影响。Et.(2017年8月26日)。“然而，一个有趣的故事引起了人们的关注：”Power Magazine Microgrid System保持休斯顿杂货店在哈维湾的营业(2017年8月29日)。*我们还在新闻中看到，“2015年12月，乌克兰发生大规模网络攻击，导致近25万人断电1至6小时。”*可再生可持续能源评论(2017年5月8日)：“分布式微电网技术可以保护军事基地的电网，以减少网络攻击的影响，这些标题突出了两个重要问题：(1)我们如何才能使我们的电力系统对极端事件(如飓风或网络攻击)更具弹性？以及(2)如何利用微电网技术来提高我们电力系统在这些情况下的弹性？*本研究方案的重点是通过创新地使用微电网技术来解决上述问题。*微电网到底是什么？微电网是一组相互连接的负荷和分布式能源，在明确定义的电气边界内，充当相对于电网的单一可控实体。微电网可以连接和断开电网，使其能够在并网或孤岛模式下运行。*申请人在微电网、容错控制以及工程系统的安全和可靠性领域的多年经验，以应对微电网的设计、分析和测试方面的挑战，以提高电力系统在极端情况下的弹性。由于微电网可以连接和断开电网，它们可以为局部关键负荷提供急需的电力，即使在主电网遭受大范围中断的情况下也是如此。这项研究的创新包括有效地识别向关键负荷输送电力的潜在路径，实现相之间或多个微电网之间受控的电力传输，以及在快速开始的电网范围内对多个微电网的协调控制。因此，拟议的研究与防御和安全目标领域的网络攻击的内在复原力密切相关。使用开发的技术，我们可以在发生网络攻击时支持关键基础设施和军事行动。*拟议的研究将培训7名HQP。

We all vividly remember the devastation that Hurricane Irma brought to Florida in early September and Hurricane Harvey to Houston in late August of this year. The storms knocked down power lines, destroyed distribution sub-stations, and left millions of residents and businesses without power for weeks:***"CBS News - More than a quarter-million customers are without power in Texas early Saturday after Hurricane Harvey made landfall. Utilities are reporting outages affecting more than 336,000 customers as of 3 p.m. ET. (August 26, 2017)."******However, an interesting story has drawn attention: “POWER Magazine Microgrid System Keeps Houston Grocery Stores Open in Wake of Harvey (Aug. 29, 2017).”******We have also read in the news that “On December 2015, a massive cyber attack in Ukraine left nearly a quarter-million people without power for a period from 1 to 6 hours.”******Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews writes (May 8, 2017): “Distributed microgrid tech can secure the electrical grids at military bases to reduce the impact of cyberattacks, physical attacks from terrorists and natural disasters.”******These headlines highlight two important issues: (1) How can we make our power system more resilient to extreme events, such as hurricanes or cyber attacks? and (2) how can we use microgrid technology to increase the resilience of our power system in these situations?******The focus of this research proposal is to address the above questions through the innovative use of microgrid technologies.******What exactly is a microgrid? A microgrid is a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources, within clearly defined electrical boundaries, that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in either grid-connected or island-mode. (US DOE).******The proposed research builds upon many years of experience of the applicant in the areas of microgrids, fault-tolerant control, and safety and reliability of engineering systems to address challenges in design, analysis, and testing of microgrids to increase the resilience of the power system under extreme circumstances. Since microgrids can connect and disconnect from the grid, they can provide much needed power to localized critical loads, even when the main grid has suffered wide-spread disruptions. The innovations of this research include effective identification of potential paths to deliver power to critical loads, enabling of controlled power transfers between phases or among multiple microgrids, and coordinative control of multiple microgrids during rapid onset grid-wide disruptions.******Thus, the proposed research relates very closely to Defence and Security Target Areas on Intrinsic Resiliency to Cyber-Attack. Using the techniques developed, we can support critical infrastructure and military operations in the event of a cyberattack.******The proposed research will train 7 HQPs.