Design, integration and analysis of wireless technologies for 5G networks

2013年至2014年，全球移动数据流量增长69%，2014年末达到每月2.5艾字节(EBS)。2000至2014年间，全球互联网流量增长了2900%。2014年增加了近5亿台移动设备和连接，其中包括4.39亿部智能手机。到2018年，100亿个移动连接产生的流量将超过15 EB[思科]。巨大的流量增长还受到云计算、智能电网、医疗保健、物流、自动化、Netflix等许多领域的推动。此外，目前的人与人(H2H)连接将得到物联网(IoT)和机器对机器(M2M)的补充，到2020年，物联网和机器对机器(M2M)将推出超过500亿台需要无线连接的在线设备。H_2H和M_2M的共存提出了额外和不同的要求。*因此，第五代(5G)无线将支持高达20 Gbps，在小范围内支持大量设备，并降低能耗。由于这些目标具有巨大的挑战性，渐进的步骤是不够的，技术和科学突破需要大量的、持续的研究努力，包括工业界和学术界。改变游戏规则的是(1)毫米波频谱(30到300 GHz)，它将蜂窝频谱扩展到当前有限的1-6 GHz频段之外；(2)大规模多输入多输出无线使用巨大的天线阵列(或更多)来将无线电波聚焦在接收器上；(3)设备到设备允许在具有有限网络帮助的情况下在邻近设备之间进行直接通信；(4)全双工允许在同一频率上同时发送和接收数据；(5)认知无线电(CR)允许智能、高效和机会主义地使用频谱，以及(6)异质网络(HetNets)将微微小区、小小区、宏小区和不同的网络层组合在一起。*因此，这些技术、5G空中接口和无线电接入技术的集成需要颠覆性创新。因此，在我们之前的无线研究的基础上，我们提出了一个真正创新、雄心勃勃和全面的5G研究计划。我们的提案将通过开发新的无线技术和基础科学成果来推动创新的极限。*上述前沿技术、研究、试验和标准化活动的发展正在滚雪球般地进行。然而，存在许多技术、标准化和设计方面的挑战。我们的研究将应对这些挑战，我们将开发技术来提高5G无线网络的数据速率、容量、时延、可靠性和能耗。这些贡献将提高加拿大的无线技术诀窍，并有助于改善宽带接入和网络容量。此外，我们的研究为我们的HQP提供了尖端的培训机会，他们将及时毕业，进入5G全球部署阶段。**

Global mobile data traffic grew 69% between 2013 and 2014 and reached 2.5 exabytes (EBs) per month at the end of 2014. Global Internet traffic increased 2900% between 2000 and 2014. Almost 500 million mobile devices and connections were added in 2014, including 439 million smartphones. By 2018, 10 billion mobile connections will generate more than 15 EB of traffic [Cisco]. The massive traffic growth is also driven by cloud computing, smart grid, health care, logistics, automation, Netflix and many others. Moreover, current human-to-human (H2H) connections will be complemented by Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to Machine (M2M), which will introduce more than 50 billion online devices by 2020 that need wireless connections. The coexistence of H2H and M2M imposes additional and diverse requirements. *******Thus, fifth generation (5G) wireless will support up to 20 Gbps, massive number of devices in a small area, and reduced energy consumption. Since these targets are enormously challenging, incremental steps are not enough, and the technological and scientific breakthroughs require a massive, ongoing research effort, involving both industry and academia. The game changers are (1) Millimeter wavelength spectrum (30 to 300 GHz), which expands cellular spectrum beyond the currently limited 1-6 GHz band, (2) Massive multiple input multiple-output wireless uses a huge array of antennas (64 or more ) to focus a radio beam on a receiver, (3) Device-to-device allows direct communication between proximate devices with limited network assistance, (4) Full duplex allows the simultaneous transmission and reception of data on the same frequency, (5) Cognitive radio (CR) allows smart, efficient and opportunistic use of spectrum, and (6) Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) combine pico cells, small cells, macro cells, and different layers of networks. *** ***Thus, integration of these technologies, 5G air interface, and radio access technology demand disruptive innovations. Building on our previous wireless research, we thus propose a truly innovative, ambitious and comprehensive 5G research program. Our proposal will push the envelope of innovation by developing new wireless technologies and fundamental scientific results. *** ***The development of the aforementioned cutting-edge technologies, research, trial and standardization activities are snowballing now. However, numerous technical, standardization and design challenges exist. These challenges will be met by our research, and we will develop techniques to improve data rate, capacity, latency, reliability and energy consumption of 5G wireless networks. These contributions will boost Canadian wireless know-how and help improve broadband access and network capacity. Moreover, our research delivers cutting-edge training opportunities for our HQP, who will graduate just in time for 5G global deployment stages.**