Design, integration and analysis of wireless technologies for 5G networks

全球移动的数据流量在2013年和2014年之间增长了69%，在2014年底达到每月2.5 EB。2000年至2014年间，全球互联网流量增长了2900%。2014年新增了近5亿部移动的设备和连接，其中包括4.39亿部智能手机。 到2018年，100亿个移动的连接将产生超过15 EB的流量[思科]。 云计算、智能电网、医疗保健、物流、自动化、Netflix和许多其他因素也推动了大规模的流量增长。此外，目前的人与人（H2 H）连接 物联网（IoT）和机器对机器（M2M）将作为补充，到2020年将引入超过500亿需要无线连接的在线设备。 H2 H和M2M的共存提出了额外的和多样化的要求。* 因此，第五代（5G）无线网络将支持高达20 Gbps的速度，在小区域内支持大量设备，并降低能耗。由于这些目标具有巨大的挑战性，渐进的步骤是不够的，技术和科学突破需要大规模的持续研究工作，涉及工业界和学术界。改变游戏规则的是（1）毫米波光谱（30至300 GHz），它将蜂窝频谱扩展到目前有限的1-6 GHz频段之外，（2）大规模多输入多输出无线使用巨大的天线阵列（64个或更多）以将无线电波束聚焦在接收器上，（3）设备到设备允许在有限的网络辅助下在邻近设备之间进行直接通信，（4）全双工允许在相同频率上同时发送和接收数据，（5）认知无线电（CR）允许频谱的智能、高效和机会性使用，以及（6）异构网络（HetNet）联合收割机组合皮科小区、小小区、宏小区和网络的不同层。** 因此，这些技术、5G空中接口和无线电接入技术的集成需要颠覆性创新。在我们之前的无线研究的基础上，我们提出了一个真正创新、雄心勃勃和全面的5G研究计划。我们的提案将通过开发新的无线技术和基础科学成果来推动创新。** 上述尖端技术的开发、研究、试验和标准化活动正在滚雪球。然而，存在许多技术、标准化和设计挑战。这些挑战将通过我们的研究来应对，我们将开发技术来提高5G无线网络的数据速率、容量、延迟、可靠性和能耗。这些贡献将促进加拿大的无线技术，并有助于改善宽带接入和网络能力。此外，我们的研究为我们的HQP提供了尖端的培训机会，他们将及时毕业，以便进行5G全球部署阶段。

Global mobile data traffic grew 69% between 2013 and 2014 and reached 2.5 exabytes (EBs) per month at the end of 2014. Global Internet traffic increased 2900% between 2000 and 2014. Almost 500 million mobile devices and connections were added in 2014, including 439 million smartphones. By 2018, 10 billion mobile connections will generate more than 15 EB of traffic [Cisco]. The massive traffic growth is also driven by cloud computing, smart grid, health care, logistics, automation, Netflix and many others. Moreover, current human-to-human (H2H) connections will be complemented by Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to Machine (M2M), which will introduce more than 50 billion online devices by 2020 that need wireless connections. The coexistence of H2H and M2M imposes additional and diverse requirements. *******Thus, fifth generation (5G) wireless will support up to 20 Gbps, massive number of devices in a small area, and reduced energy consumption. Since these targets are enormously challenging, incremental steps are not enough, and the technological and scientific breakthroughs require a massive, ongoing research effort, involving both industry and academia. The game changers are (1) Millimeter wavelength spectrum (30 to 300 GHz), which expands cellular spectrum beyond the currently limited 1-6 GHz band, (2) Massive multiple input multiple-output wireless uses a huge array of antennas (64 or more ) to focus a radio beam on a receiver, (3) Device-to-device allows direct communication between proximate devices with limited network assistance, (4) Full duplex allows the simultaneous transmission and reception of data on the same frequency, (5) Cognitive radio (CR) allows smart, efficient and opportunistic use of spectrum, and (6) Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) combine pico cells, small cells, macro cells, and different layers of networks. *** ***Thus, integration of these technologies, 5G air interface, and radio access technology demand disruptive innovations. Building on our previous wireless research, we thus propose a truly innovative, ambitious and comprehensive 5G research program. Our proposal will push the envelope of innovation by developing new wireless technologies and fundamental scientific results. *** ***The development of the aforementioned cutting-edge technologies, research, trial and standardization activities are snowballing now. However, numerous technical, standardization and design challenges exist. These challenges will be met by our research, and we will develop techniques to improve data rate, capacity, latency, reliability and energy consumption of 5G wireless networks. These contributions will boost Canadian wireless know-how and help improve broadband access and network capacity. Moreover, our research delivers cutting-edge training opportunities for our HQP, who will graduate just in time for 5G global deployment stages.**